Aims: Patients with heart failure exhibit poor adherence to self-care behaviours. Recent studies have shown a link between Type D personality, social support, and self-care behaviours of patients with chronic diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship have received little empirical attention in those with heart failure. This study aimed to identify the mediating effects of social support in the relationship between Type D personality and self-care behaviours in patients with heart failure.
Design: This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design.
Methods: The sample comprised 170 patients aged over 18 years who had been diagnosed with heart failure for over 6 months and visited a tertiary care university hospital in Seoul. From April-July 2019, data were collected through an interview conducted using a structured questionnaire and a review of medical records by two trained research assistants. Multiple regression models were tested using the SPSS PROCESS procedure with bootstrapping to determine the significance of the mediation.
Results: The prevalence of Type D personality in patients with heart failure was 20.0%. Significant associations were identified among Type D personality, social support, and self-care behaviours. Results revealed an indirect effect, suggesting that the effects of Type D personality on self-care behaviours were mediated by social support.
Conclusion: Heart failure patients with Type D personality were likely to lack social support, which may have influenced their low adherence to self-care behaviours. Thus, to facilitate long-lasting self-care behaviours, it is vital to provide supportive care or educational programs for patients with Type D personality.
Impact: Providing sustainable social support can have a positive impact on the long-term self-care maintenance of patients with heart failure patients who have a Type D personality. Future studies are required to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms of the relationship between Type D personality, social support, and self-care behaviours.
目的: 心力衰竭患者的自我护理行为较弱。近期研究表明,D型人格、社会支持和慢性病患者的自我护理行为存在一定关联。然而, 心力衰竭患者并未将上述关联的背后机制纳入考虑范围。本研究旨在探讨社会支持在心力衰竭患者D型人格与自我护理行为之间的中介作用。 设计: 本研究采用描述性横断面设计。 方法: 样本包括170名年龄超过18岁的患者, 此类患者至少有6个月的心力衰竭患病史,且曾在首尔市的一所三级保健大学医院就诊。2019年4月至7月, 通过结构化调查问卷展开访谈, 并已安排两名已接受培训的研究助理审查病历, 收集数据。此外, 利用SPSS程序和自举法, 以检验多元回归模型, 从而确定中介效应的显著性。 结果: D型人格心力衰竭患者的患病率为20.0%。D型人格、社会支持和自我护理行为显著相关。结果显示,D型人格对自我护理行为具有一定影响, 且此类影响通过社会支持实现。 结论: D型人格的心力衰竭患者可能缺少社会支持, 导致其自我护理能力较弱。因此, 为实现长期自我护理, 应实施针对D型人格患者的支持性护理或教育计划, 这一点至关重要。 影响: 可提供持续性社会支持, 从而帮助提高D型人格心力衰竭患者的长期自我护理能力。未来研究过程中, 需要进一步阐述D型人格、社会支持和自我照顾行为之间关系的潜在机制。.
Keywords: Type D personality; heart failure; mediation; nursing; self-care; social support.
© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.