Attaining 95-95-95 through Implementation Science: 15 Years of Insights and Best Practices from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research's Implementation of the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief

Elizabeth H Lee; Kavitha Ganesan; Samoel A Khamadi; Stanley C Meribe; Dorothy Njeru; Yakubu Adamu; Fred Magala; Trevor A Crowell; Eniko Akom; Patricia Agaba; Priyanka Desai; Tiffany Hamm; Deydre Teyhen; Julie A Ake; Christina S Polyak; Douglas Shaffer; Fredrick Sawe; Patrick W Hickey

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.20-0541

Attaining 95-95-95 through Implementation Science: 15 Years of Insights and Best Practices from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research's Implementation of the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Jan;104(1):12-25. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0541.

Authors

Elizabeth H Lee^{1

2}, Kavitha Ganesan^{1

3}, Samoel A Khamadi^{1

4}, Stanley C Meribe⁵, Dorothy Njeru⁶, Yakubu Adamu⁵, Fred Magala⁷, Trevor A Crowell^{1

2

3}, Eniko Akom^{1

3}, Patricia Agaba^{1

3}, Priyanka Desai^{1

3}, Tiffany Hamm^{1

3}, Deydre Teyhen¹, Julie A Ake¹, Christina S Polyak^{1

3}, Douglas Shaffer⁸, Fredrick Sawe^{6

9}, Patrick W Hickey²

Affiliations

¹ 1U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland.
² 2The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.
³ 3Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland.
⁴ 4HJF Medical Research International, Mbeya, Tanzania.
⁵ 5U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate-Africa, Abuja, Nigeria.
⁶ 6U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate-Africa, Nairobi, Kenya.
⁷ 7Makerere University Walter Reed Project, Kampala, Uganda.
⁸ 8U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Nairobi, Kenya.
⁹ 9HJF Medical Research International, Kericho, Kenya.

Abstract

The Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR) supports more than 350,000 people on lifesaving HIV treatment in Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Uganda through funding from the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). Here, we review and synthesize the range of impacts WRAIR's implementation science portfolio has had on PEPFAR service delivery for military and civilian populations since 2003. We also explore how investments in implementation science create institutional synergies within the U.S. Department of Defense, contributing to broad global health engagements and improving health outcomes for populations served. Finally, we discuss WRAIR's contributions to PEPFAR priorities through use of data to drive and improve programming in real time in the era of HIV epidemic control and public health messaging that includes prevention, the 95-95-95 goals, and comorbidities.

Publication types

Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology*
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / prevention & control*
Africa South of the Sahara* / epidemiology
Global Health*
Government Programs
HIV-1
Health Policy
Humans
Implementation Science
International Cooperation*
Military Health Services*
Retrospective Moral Judgment
United States