Relationship Between Kihon Checklist Score and Anxiety Levels in Elderly Patients Undergoing Early Phase II Cardiac Rehabilitation

Akio Honzawa; Miho Nishitani-Yokoyama; Kazunori Shimada; Mitsuhiro Kunimoto; Miki Yamada; Tomomi Matsubara; Rie Matsumori; Kei Fujiwara; Abidan Abulimiti; Tatsuro Aikawa; Shohei Ouchi; Megumi Shimizu; Yurina Sugita; Akie Shimada; Taira Yamamoto; Atsushi Amano; Tohru Asai; Masakazu Saito; Tomoyuki Morisawa; Tetsuya Takahashi; Toshiyuki Fujiwara; Hiroyuki Daida; Tohru Minamino

doi:10.14740/cr1165

Relationship Between Kihon Checklist Score and Anxiety Levels in Elderly Patients Undergoing Early Phase II Cardiac Rehabilitation

Cardiol Res. 2020 Dec;11(6):405-411. doi: 10.14740/cr1165. Epub 2020 Nov 2.

Authors

Akio Honzawa¹, Miho Nishitani-Yokoyama^{1

2}, Kazunori Shimada^{1

2

3}, Mitsuhiro Kunimoto², Miki Yamada¹, Tomomi Matsubara², Rie Matsumori², Kei Fujiwara², Abidan Abulimiti^{2

3}, Tatsuro Aikawa², Shohei Ouchi², Megumi Shimizu², Yurina Sugita², Akie Shimada⁴, Taira Yamamoto⁴, Atsushi Amano⁴, Tohru Asai⁴, Masakazu Saito⁵, Tomoyuki Morisawa⁵, Tetsuya Takahashi⁵, Toshiyuki Fujiwara^{5

6}, Hiroyuki Daida^{3

5}, Tohru Minamino^{2

7}

Affiliations

¹ Cardiovascular Rehabilitation and Fitness, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
² Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
³ Spotology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
⁴ Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
⁵ Juntendo University, Faculty of Health Science, Tokyo, Japan.
⁶ Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
⁷ Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutionary Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan.

PMID: 33224387
PMCID: PMC7666600
DOI: 10.14740/cr1165

Abstract

Background: The frailty state consists of not only physical but also psycho-emotional problems, such as cognitive dysfunction and depression as well as social problems. However, few reports have examined the relationship between frailty and anxiety levels in elderly patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation (CR).

Methods: We analyzed 255 patients (mean age: 74.9 ± 5.8 years, 67% male) who participated in early phase II CR at Juntendo University Hospital. At the beginning of CR, patients carried out self-assessments based on the Kihon Checklist (KCL) and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory Form (STAI). Patients were divided into three groups: frailty group (n = 99, 39%), pre-frailty group (n = 81, 32%), and non-frailty group (n = 75, 29%) according to the KCL. We assessed results from the KCL scores and its relationship with anxiety levels.

Results: Among the three groups, there were no significant differences in age, underlying illnesses, or the prevalence of coronary risk factors. Depressive mood domains of the KCL were significantly higher in the frailty and pre-frailty groups than in the non-frailty groups (3.0 ± 1.5 vs. 1.4 ± 1.2 vs. 0.4 ± 0.6; P < 0.01). The state anxiety level was significantly higher in the frailty group than in the non-frailty group (41.6 ± 0.9 vs. 34.9 ± 1.0; P < 0.01). The trait anxiety levels were significantly higher in the frailty group and pre-frailty group than in the non-frailty group (45.5 ± 0.9 vs. 39.2 ± 1.0 vs. 35.1 ± 1.1; P < 0.01). State anxiety and trait anxiety also showed a significantly positive correlations with the KCL scores (r = 0.32 vs. 0.41, P < 0.01).

Conclusions: Frailty scores were positively correlated not only with physical function but also with depression mood and anxiety levels in elderly patients undergoing early phase II CR. These results suggest that assessment of depressive mood and anxiety is also important in elderly patients undergoing early phase II CR.

Keywords: Anxiety; Cardiac rehabilitation; Elderly patients; Frailty; Kihon Checklist.