A Case of Premature Triple Vessel Coronary Artery Disease and Valvular Degeneration: A Rare Presentation of Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Rukham Gull; Muhammad Humayoun Rashid; Muhammad Saad Aleem; Muhammad Omar Salman; Ammar Khalid

doi:10.7759/cureus.11037

A Case of Premature Triple Vessel Coronary Artery Disease and Valvular Degeneration: A Rare Presentation of Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Cureus. 2020 Oct 19;12(10):e11037. doi: 10.7759/cureus.11037.

Authors

Rukham Gull^{1

2}, Muhammad Humayoun Rashid^{2

1}, Muhammad Saad Aleem³, Muhammad Omar Salman², Ammar Khalid⁴

Affiliations

¹ Internal Medicine, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, PAK.
² Cardiology, Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan, PAK.
³ Orthopedics, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, PAK.
⁴ Medicine, Qamar Hospital Bagh AJK, Bagh AJK, PAK.

Abstract

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is one of the inherited causes of coronary artery disease (CAD) and causes calcific valvular degeneration in rare cases. A 13-year-old boy with multiple xanthomas presented with severe chest pain, shortness of breath, and sweating. He was diagnosed with premature CAD leading to non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, secondary to early-onset FH [severely raised low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglycerides (TG) on lipid profile]. CT angiogram showed triple vessel disease, and echocardiogram revealed tight aortic stenosis. Percutaneous coronary angioplasty was done, and valvuloplasty was planned on the follow-up assessment. Early diagnosis and prompt management could have prevented these complications.

Keywords: coronary artery disease; ct agiography; echocardiography; familial hypercholesterolemia; ldl cholesterol; non-st segment elevation myocardial infarction (nstemi); valvular degeneration.

Publication types

Case Reports