Acupoint Injection for Nonspecific Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies

Guanli Xie; Tao Wang; Xiaoxia Tang; Xiaobo Guo; Yanfei Xu; Li Deng; Haomin Sun; Zhenxian Ma; Yuanliang Ai; Bo Jiang; Lvyu Li; Wen Luo; Wenze Huang; Yubo Xia; Heng Zhao; Xin Wang; Ying Guo; Jianglong Liao

doi:10.1155/2020/3976068

Acupoint Injection for Nonspecific Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 Oct 28:2020:3976068. doi: 10.1155/2020/3976068. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Guanli Xie¹, Tao Wang², Xiaoxia Tang², Xiaobo Guo¹, Yanfei Xu², Li Deng¹, Haomin Sun², Zhenxian Ma², Yuanliang Ai², Bo Jiang², Lvyu Li², Wen Luo², Wenze Huang², Yubo Xia¹, Heng Zhao³, Xin Wang¹, Ying Guo², Jianglong Liao²

Affiliations

¹ Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
² Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
³ Kunming Third People's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China.

Abstract

Introduction: Nonspecific chronic low back pain (NCLBP) became a public health and economic problem. Acupoint injection was used widely for patients with NCLBP. However, there were inconsistent results on the efficacy for these people. Therefore, this review was performed to systematically assess the efficacy and safety of acupoint injection.

Materials and methods: The literature sources were collected via EMBASE, Medline, CENTRAL, CINAHL, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, and Sino-Med Database from their inception to October 13, 2019. Endnote X7, widely used document management software, was used to manage and screen the literature sources. Each record was screened according to the predetermined inclusion criteria by two review authors independently. Quality assessment tool, "Risk of table," was used to assess the quality of the included studies according to the recommendation of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Data extraction was performed by one reviewer and verified by another reviewer. Any disagreement was addressed via consulting with a third reviewer in the abovementioned processes. All procedures were performed according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.

Results: This review included 13 studies involving 1381 patients with NCLBP. Quantitative analysis results indicated that there is no sufficient evidence that acupoint injection can improve the pain of patients with low back pain based on two trails: Visual Analogue Scale (VAS: MD = -1.33, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) -3.30 to 0.64, P=0.18, random-effect model). When assessing the effectiveness of acupoint injection therapy, the results indicated that acupoint injection can improve the effective rate for nonspecific chronic low back pain (OR = 3.64, 95% CI 2.4 to 5.21, P < 0.0001, fixed-effect model).

Conclusion: There is insufficient evidence to indicate that acupoint injection therapy could improve the pain for patients with NCLBP. However, the level of evidence was downgraded to "very low quality" because of the poor methodological quality and clinical heterogeneity. The results should be interpreted with caution. Higher quality RCTs with more appropriate comparison, more objective outcome instruments, and adequate follow-up periods are necessary to assess the efficacy of acupoint injection for NCLBP. The PROSPERO Research registration identifying number is CRD42019119158.