Xilei Powder is a commonly used prescription for the treatment of oral ulcers, and is originally used to treat scarlet fever. Scarlet fever is a warm-toxin disease from the perspective of the theory of warm disease. It is a warm infectious disease caused by epidemic. Xilei Powder was recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia from 1953 edition to 2010 edition. As China joined Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora(CITES), Xilei Powder was removed from the Chinese Pharmacopoeia of 2015 edition due to the limitation of the use of animal drugs, such as ivory and rhinoceros horn. Xilei Powder has been widely used to treat such diseases as otolaryngology, fever, gynecological diseases, digestive diseases, and tumors. Does Xilei Powder have a unique place in clinical application? Can stable and effective alternative drugs be derived from original prescription? Due to the lack of theoretical studies on Xilei Powder, by consulting ancient books, monographs and papers, we comprehensively summarized and studied historical evolution and prescription connotation of Xilei Powder, and analyzed its drug origin and clinical application, in the hope to promote the theoretical study and clinical application.
Keywords: Xilei Powder; mucosa ulceration; origin; warm disease.