Bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated from Qatari soil, synthesizing δ-endotoxins highly active against the disease vector insect Aedes aegypti Bora Bora

Kavita Nair; Roda Al-Thani; Carole Ginibre; Fabrice Chandre; Mohammed Alsafran; Samir Jaoua

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05003

Bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated from Qatari soil, synthesizing δ-endotoxins highly active against the disease vector insect Aedes aegypti Bora Bora

Heliyon. 2020 Oct 23;6(10):e05003. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05003. eCollection 2020 Oct.

Authors

Kavita Nair¹, Roda Al-Thani¹, Carole Ginibre², Fabrice Chandre², Mohammed Alsafran³, Samir Jaoua¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences, College of Arts & Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, P.O. Box 2713, Qatar.
² IRD-MIVEGEC (UM-CNRS 5290-IRD 224), WHO Collaborating Center, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
³ Central Laboratories Unit (CLU), Qatar University, Doha, P.O. Box 2713, Qatar.

Abstract

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a Gram-positive soil bacterium that has been recognized as an effective bioinsecticide active against plant, animal and human pathogenic and disease vector insects. During its sporulation phase, Bt produces crystals consisting of δ-endotoxins, which upon ingestion kill specifically insect larvae. Bt subsp. israelensis (Bti) is very active against dipteran insects. Bti based bioinsecticides are considered as a sustainable solution to control the Dipteran insects responsible of plant, animal and human diseases. In this study, Bti strains isolated from Qatar soil were analyzed for their insecticidal activities against the dipteran insect Aedes aegypti Bora Bora (Culicidae, Diptera) and for their δ-endotoxins yields per cell. Among the local Bti strains, four exceptional strains producing spherical crystals, were found to be more insecticidal than the reference strain Bti H14. When tested for their δ-endotoxin yield, the Bti QBT217 strain, producing typical spherical crystals and having the best insecticidal activity, was recognized as the best candidate strain for potential bioinsecticide production and biological control of dipteran insects, particularly the disease vector insect A. aegypti.

Keywords: Aedes aegypti Bora Bora; Agricultural science; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis; Bioassay; Environmental science; Epidemiology; Food safety; Infectious disease; Insecticidal; Microbiology; δ-endotoxin production.