Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second incurable hematological malignancy. In recent years, due to the rise of microRNA (miRNA), many scholars have participated in the study of its value in the diagnosis of MM, and have obtained good but inconsistent results. Therefore, in order to determine the role of miRNA in the early diagnosis of MM, we performed this meta-analysis.
Methods: We searched for related studies including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Database as of July 20, 2020 to conduct this meta-analysis. To improve the accuracy, the quality assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Study 2 (QUADAS-2) was used. We also applied random effects models to summarize sensitivity and specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and area under the curve (AUC) to measure diagnostic values, and subgroup analysis used to discover potential sources of heterogeneity.
Results: We finally collected 32 studies from 15 articles that included a total of 2053 MM patients and 1118 healthy controls in this meta-analysis. The overall sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, DOR and AUC were 0.81, 0.85, 5.5, 0.22, 25 and 0.90, respectively. Subgroup analysis shows that the down-regulation of microRNA clusters with larger samples size of plasma type could carry out a better diagnostic accuracy of MM patients. In addition, publication bias was not found.
Conclusions: Circulating miRNA could be a potential non-invasive biomarker for early diagnosis of MM. However, multi-center, more rigorous, and larger-scale studies are needed to verify our conclusions.
Keywords: AUC, Area under the curve; CI, confidence interval; DOR, Diagnostic odds ratio; Diagnosis; MGUS, Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance; MM, Multiple myeloma; Meta-analysis; MicroRNAs; Multiple myeloma; NLR, Negative likelihood ratio; PCL, Plasma cell leukemia; PLR, Positive likelihood ratio; QUADAS-2, Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Study 2; SE, Sensitivity; SP, Specificity; microRNA, miRNA.
© 2020 The Author(s).