Function and regulation of corin in physiology and disease

Biochem Soc Trans. 2020 Oct 30;48(5):1905-1916. doi: 10.1042/BST20190760.

Abstract

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is of major importance in the maintenance of electrolyte balance and normal blood pressure. Reduced plasma ANP levels are associated with the increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Corin is a type II transmembrane serine protease that converts the ANP precursor to mature ANP. Corin deficiency prevents ANP generation and alters electrolyte and body fluid homeostasis. Corin is synthesized as a zymogen that is proteolytically activated on the cell surface. Factors that disrupt corin folding, intracellular trafficking, cell surface expression, and zymogen activation are expected to impair corin function. To date, CORIN variants that reduce corin activity have been identified in hypertensive patients. In addition to the heart, corin expression has been detected in non-cardiac tissues, where corin and ANP participate in diverse physiological processes. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge in corin biosynthesis and post-translational modifications. We also discuss tissue-specific corin expression and function in physiology and disease.

Keywords: corin; heart failure; hypertension; protease domains.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Atrial Natriuretic Factor / chemistry*
  • Atrial Natriuretic Factor / metabolism
  • Catalytic Domain
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism
  • Cytoplasm / metabolism
  • Electrolytes
  • Female
  • Gene Deletion
  • Gene Expression Regulation*
  • Homeostasis
  • Humans
  • Hypertension
  • Kidney / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Myocardium / metabolism
  • Protein Domains
  • Protein Folding
  • Protein Precursors / metabolism
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational
  • Protein Transport
  • Serine Endopeptidases / genetics*
  • Serine Endopeptidases / physiology*
  • Trypsin / chemistry
  • Uterus / metabolism

Substances

  • Electrolytes
  • NPPA protein, human
  • Protein Precursors
  • Atrial Natriuretic Factor
  • CORIN protein, human
  • Serine Endopeptidases
  • Trypsin