A novel non-planar coding metasurface optimized by discrete particle swarm algorithm (DPSO) is proposed in terms of the property of wideband radar cross-section (RCS) and diffuse scattering. The design consists of two unit cells, "0" and "1", which have a 180° ± 37° phase difference for phase interference cancellation. The 10 dB monostatic RCS reduction frequency range of the metasurface is from 6.4 to 29.6 GHz, and its bandwidth ratio is 4.62:1, under normal incidence of the two polarizations. Compared to the planar surface, the non-planar surface has a greater bandwidth with respect to the monostatic and bistatic RCS reduction. The results declare its properties of ultra-wideband, angle insensitivity, and polarization insensitivity. Finally, the theoretical analysis, simulation, and experimental results match perfectly, indicating that the metasurface can be used in the RCS reduction or other microwave applications with wider RCS reduction and diffuse scattering.
Keywords: discrete particle swarm algorithm; metasurface; non-planar; radar cross-section (RCS); ultra-wideband.