Mindfulness and Smartphone Addiction before Going to Sleep among College Students: The Mediating Roles of Self-Control and Rumination

Shi-Shi Cheng; Chun-Qing Zhang; Jiang-Qiu Wu

doi:10.3390/clockssleep2030026

Mindfulness and Smartphone Addiction before Going to Sleep among College Students: The Mediating Roles of Self-Control and Rumination

Clocks Sleep. 2020 Aug 29;2(3):354-363. doi: 10.3390/clockssleep2030026. eCollection 2020 Sep.

Authors

Shi-Shi Cheng¹, Chun-Qing Zhang^{1

2}, Jiang-Qiu Wu³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; shischeng2@hkbu.edu.hk (S.-S.C.); cqzhang@hkbu.edu.hk (C.-Q.Z.).
² Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
³ Department of Business Administration, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effects among college students of mindfulness on smartphone addiction before going to bed at night. We examined the mediating roles of self-control and rumination on the mindfulness-smartphone addiction path. Participants (n = 270, 59.3% females, 18-24 years old) completed self-reporting questionnaires measuring mindfulness, self-control, smartphone addiction, and rumination. In addition to the correlation analysis, we adopted a stepwise regression analysis with bootstrapping to test the mediating effects. It was found that mindfulness was inversely related to smartphone addiction before going to sleep. Most importantly, self-control and rumination significantly mediated the effects of mindfulness on smartphone addiction among college students. The findings of this study indicated that mindfulness training is beneficial to improve the ability of self-control and reduce rumination levels, thereby inhibiting the negative impact of smartphone addiction on college students before they go to sleep, and further promoting their sleep health and mental health.

Keywords: college students; mindfulness; rumination; self-control; smartphone addiction before going to sleep.