Genetic characterization of feline panleukopenia virus from dogs in Vietnam reveals a unique Thr101 mutation in VP2

Minh Hoang; Cheng-Nan Wu; Chuen-Fu Lin; Huong Thanh Thi Nguyen; Van Phan Le; Ming-Tang Chiou; Chao-Nan Lin

doi:10.7717/peerj.9752

Genetic characterization of feline panleukopenia virus from dogs in Vietnam reveals a unique Thr101 mutation in VP2

PeerJ. 2020 Oct 12:8:e9752. doi: 10.7717/peerj.9752. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Minh Hoang^#^{1

2}, Cheng-Nan Wu^#³, Chuen-Fu Lin^{1

4}, Huong Thanh Thi Nguyen², Van Phan Le⁵, Ming-Tang Chiou^{1

6}, Chao-Nan Lin^{1

6}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.
² Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam.
³ Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.
⁴ Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan.
⁵ Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam.
⁶ Animal Disease Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Background: Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) and feline parvovirus (FPV) are known as the main causes of several serious diseases and have a severe impact on puppies and kittens, respectively. FPV and new CPV-2 variants are all able to infect cats, causing diseases indistinguishable from feline panleukopenia. However, FPV only replicates efficiently in feline cells in vitro and replicates in dogs in the thymus and bone marrow without being shed in feces. In our previous study, the genotypes of six parvoviral isolates were unable to be identified using a SimpleProbe^® real-time PCR assay.

Methods: In the present study, we characterized previously unidentified FPV-like viruses isolated from dogs in Vietnam. The six isolates were utilized to complete VP2 gene sequencing and to conduct phylogenetic analyses.

Results: Sequence analysis of the six parvoviral strains identified the species as being similar to FPV. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the complete VP2 genes of the strains are similar to those of FPV. The FPV-like strains contain a Thr101 mutation in the VP2 protein, which is different from prototype FPV strains.

Discussion: Our data provide evidence for the existence of changes in the charge, protein contact potential and molecular surface of the core of the receptor-binding size with an Ile101 to Thr101 mutation. This is also the first study to provide reliable evidence that FPV may be a threat to the Vietnamese dog population.

Keywords: 3D structure; Canine parvovirus type 2; Feline parvovirus; Sequences analysis.

Grants and funding

The authors received no funding for this work.