Objectives: To evaluate whether the presence of preexisting right ventricular diastolic dysfunction (RVDD) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is associated with a greater incidence of postoperative cardiac complications.
Design: Single-center, observational, retrospective, cohort study.
Setting: Research institute hospital.
Participants: Patients undergoing CABG from February 2017 to November 2018 (n = 200).
Interventions: None.
Measurements and main results: Transthoracic echocardiography was performed to obtain the following values of right ventricular (RV) diastolic function: peak velocity of early (Et) and late (At) transtricuspid flow, e't, a't, s't, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, and the RV Tei index. All patients were divided into the following 2 groups: with RVDD (n = 92) or without RVDD (n = 108). Compared with control patients, the patients with RVDD developed postoperative heart failure (PHF) (primary outcome) more frequently (p = 0.026). RVDD, low left ventricular ejection fraction, were female, underwent cardiopulmonary bypass, increased left ventricular mass index, and an Et/At ratio that increased the risk of the development of PHF. However, only RVDD (odds ratio 4.82; p = 0.015), cardiopulmonary bypass (odds ratio 4.04; p = 0.028), and female sex were associated independently with the development of PHF in the multivariate analyses.
Conclusions: Preoperative RVDD, cardiopulmonary bypass, and female sex are independent risk factors for the development of PHF after CABG in coronary artery disease patients. The decreased Et/At ratio was the best echocardiographic marker predicting PHF development after CABG. Nevertheless, the possibility of assessing preoperative diastolic RV function to predict the development of PHF after CABG requires confirmation in additional studies.
Keywords: coronary artery bypass surgery; diastolic dysfunction; postoperative cardiac complications; right ventricular.
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