Kirkendall effect modulated hollow red phosphorus nanospheres for high performance sodium-ion battery anodes

Chem Commun (Camb). 2020 Oct 11;56(79):11795-11798. doi: 10.1039/d0cc05087c. Epub 2020 Sep 3.

Abstract

Hollow nanospheres are desirable to resolve the volume expansion of red phosphorus anodes for sodium-ion batteries. Here, we developed a mild molten salt method to prepare hollow red phosphorus in the NaCl-KCl-AlCl3 system by using the Kirkendall effect. As an anode for sodium-ion batteries, the prepared hollow nanospheres exhibit a highly reversible capacity of 624 mA h g-1 at 4.0C and 737 mA h g-1 at 1.0C even after 600 cycles with a low capacity fading rate of 0.06% per cycle.