Rethinking swimming performance tests for bottom-dwelling fish: the case of European glass eel (Anguilla anguilla)

Sci Rep. 2020 Oct 2;10(1):16416. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-72957-w.

Abstract

Systematic experiments on European eel (Anguilla anguilla) in their juvenile, early life stage (glass eel), were conducted to provide new insights on the fish swimming performance and propose a framework of analysis to design swimming-performance experiments for bottom-dwelling fish. In particular, we coupled experimental and computational fluid dynamics techniques to: (i) accommodate glass eel burst-and-coast swimming mode and estimate the active swimming time (tac), not considering coast and drift periods, (ii) estimate near-bottom velocities (Ub) experienced by the fish, rather than using bulk averages (U), (iii) investigate water temperature (T) influence on swimming ability, and (iv) identify a functional relation between Ub, tac and T. Results showed that burst-and-coast swimming mode was increasingly adopted by glass eel, especially when U was higher than 0.3 ms-1. Using U rather than Ub led to an overestimation of the fish swimming performance from 18 to 32%, on average. Under the range of temperatures analyzed (from 8 to 18 °C), tac was strongly influenced and positively related to T. As a final result, we propose a general formula to link near-bottom velocity, water temperature and active swimming time which can be useful in ecological engineering applications and reads as [Formula: see text].

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anguilla / physiology*
  • Animal Migration / physiology
  • Animals
  • Seafood
  • Swimming / physiology*
  • Temperature
  • Water
  • Water Movements

Substances

  • Water