Single-Domain Antibody-Based TCR-Like CAR-T: A Potential Cancer Therapy

J Immunol Res. 2020 Sep 7:2020:2454907. doi: 10.1155/2020/2454907. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

Retargeting the antigen-binding specificity of T cells to intracellular antigens that are degraded and presented on the tumor surface by engineering chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), also named TCR-like antibody CAR-T, remains limited. With the exception of the commercialized CD19 CAR-T for hematological malignancies and other CAR-T therapies aiming mostly at extracellular antigens achieving great success, the rareness and scarcity of TCR-like CAR-T therapies might be due to their current status and limitations. This review provides the probable optimized initiatives for improving TCR-like CAR-T reprogramming and discusses single-domain antibodies administered as an alternative to conventional scFvs and secreted by CAR-T cells, which might be of great value to the development of CAR-T immunotherapies for intracellular antigens.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antigens, Neoplasm / immunology
  • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / immunology
  • Genetic Engineering
  • Humans
  • Immunotherapy, Adoptive* / adverse effects
  • Immunotherapy, Adoptive* / methods
  • Neoplasms / immunology
  • Neoplasms / therapy
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / genetics
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / immunology
  • Receptors, Chimeric Antigen / genetics
  • Receptors, Chimeric Antigen / immunology*
  • Single-Chain Antibodies / immunology
  • Single-Domain Antibodies / genetics
  • Single-Domain Antibodies / immunology*
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • T-Lymphocytes / metabolism*
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antigens, Neoplasm
  • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
  • Receptors, Chimeric Antigen
  • Single-Chain Antibodies
  • Single-Domain Antibodies