Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy for early cervical adenocarcinoma. Methods: A retrospective observational study was performed by reviewing medical records of patients with staging Ⅰb1-Ⅱa2 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO, 2009) cervical adenocarcinoma who underwent laparoscopic or abdominal radical hysterectomy from 2007 to 2017 in the Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. The difference among clinicopathologic characteristics, surgery-related parameters and complications, and prognosis were analyzed between the laparoscopic group and abdominal group. Results: Two hundreds and ninety-three patients were included with 88 cases in laparoscopic group and 205 cases in abdominal group. （1） There was no significant difference in clinicopathologic characteristics between the two groups （all P>0.05）, including age, body mass index, menopause status, history of abdominal surgery, clinical stage, tumor diameter, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, differentiation, lymph-vascular space invasion, positive of surgical margin, parametrial invasion, and lymph node metastasis. But the abdominal group showed a higher proportion of deep stromal invasion (38.5% vs 25.0%, P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between two groups with number of lymph nodes resected, urinary catheter retention, short-term surgical complications (including ureteral injury, ileus, infection, hydronephrosis and poor wound healing), and long-term complications (including voiding dysfunction, defecation dysfunction and lower limb edema； all P>0.05）. （2） The laparoscopic group was significantly associated with a longer operation time [(260±51) minutes vs (244±53) minutes, P<0.05], but less bleeding (100 ml vs 300 ml, P<0.01), shorter hospital stay [(13±5) days vs (16±8) days, P<0.01] and lower incidence of lymphedema (12.5% vs 27.8%, P<0.01). （3） The 5-year progression-free survival (PFS; 85.7% vs 86.4%, P=0.971) and 5-year overall survival (OS; 91.4% vs 93.0%, P=0.657) of laparoscopic group were comparable to that of abdominal group. （4） Multivariate analysis demonstrated that lymph node metastasis (HR=2.44, 95%CI: 1.16-5.15, P=0.019) was independent poor prognostic factors related to PFS, while adenosquamous carcinoma (HR=2.54, 95%CI: 1.02-6.35, P=0.046), lymph-vascular space invasion (HR=3.86, 95%CI: 1.60-9.33, P=0.003) and lymph node metastasis (HR=5.92, 95%CI: 2.45-14.34, P<0.01) were independent poor prognostic factors related to OS. The laparoscopy surgery was not an independent poor prognostic factor (P=0.396). Conclusion: The laparoscopic radical hysterectomy for early cervical adenocarcinoma has comparable prognosis to abdominal radical hysterectomy with a higher surgery quality.
目的： 探讨腹腔镜子宫广泛性切除术治疗早期子宫颈腺癌的安全性及有效性。 方法： 回顾性分析2007—2017年在中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院接受腹腔镜（腹腔镜组）和开腹（开腹组）子宫广泛性切除术治疗的Ⅰb1~Ⅱa2期［按照国际妇产科联盟（FIGO）2009年的临床分期标准］子宫颈腺癌（包括腺鳞癌）患者，比较两组患者的临床病理特征、手术相关指标及并发症、预后的差异，并分析影响子宫颈腺癌患者预后的因素。 结果： 本研究共纳入293例子宫颈腺癌患者，其中腹腔镜组88例、开腹组205例。（1）临床病理特征：开腹组深间质浸润的比例高于腹腔镜组（分别为38.5%、25.0%），术后辅助治疗的比例也高于腹腔镜组（分别为68.8%、46.6%），两组分别比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）；而两组患者的年龄、体质指数（BMI）、绝经状态、腹部手术史、临床分期、肿瘤直径、新辅助化疗、病理类型、病理分化程度、阴道切缘状态、宫旁浸润、淋巴脉管间隙浸润（LVSI）、淋巴结转移分别比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。（2）手术相关指标：腹腔镜组与开腹组患者的手术时间［（260±51）、（244±53） min］、术中出血量（中位数分别为100、300 ml）、住院时间［（13±5）、（16±8） d］分别比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）；而腹腔镜组患者的淋巴结切除数、术后尿管保留时间分别与开腹组比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。腹腔镜组患者的淋巴囊肿发生率低于开腹组（分别为12.5%、27.8%），两组比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）；其他近期并发症（包括输尿管损伤、肠梗阻、感染、肾盂积水、切口愈合不良）及远期并发症（包括排尿、排便功能障碍及下肢水肿）的发生率，两组分别比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。（3）预后：腹腔镜组、开腹组患者的5年无复发生存率分别为85.7%和86.4%，5年总生存率分别为91.4%和93.0%，两组分别比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。（4）预后影响因素分析：多因素生存分析显示，淋巴结转移（HR=2.44，95%CI为1.16~5.15，P=0.019）是影响子宫颈腺癌患者无复发生存时间的独立危险因素；病理类型（HR=2.54，95%CI为1.02~6.35，P=0.046）、LVSI（HR=3.86，95%CI为1.60~9.33，P=0.003）、淋巴结转移（HR=5.92，95%CI为2.45~14.34，P<0.01）是影响子宫颈腺癌患者总生存时间的独立危险因素；而手术路径不是影响子宫颈腺癌患者预后的独立危险因素（P=0.396）。 结论： 对于早期子宫颈腺癌患者，采用腹腔镜子宫广泛性切除术的疗效不亚于开腹手术，但腹腔镜手术可以提高手术质量。.
Keywords: Adenocarcinoma; Laparoscopy; Prognosis; Treatment outcome; Uterine cervical neoplasms.