Efficacy of microbicides for inactivation of Ebola-Makona virus on a non-porous surface: a targeted hygiene intervention for reducing virus spread

Sci Rep. 2020 Sep 17;10(1):15247. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-71736-x.

Abstract

Microbicides play critical roles in infection prevention and control of Ebola virus by decontaminating high-touch environmental surfaces (HITES), interrupting the virus-HITES-hands nexus. We evaluated the efficacy of formulations containing different microbicidal actives for inactivating Ebola virus-Makona strain (EBOV/Mak) on stainless-steel carriers per ASTM E2197-11. Formulations of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) (0.05-1%), ethanol (70%), chloroxylenol (PCMX) (0.12-0.48% by weight) in hard water, and a ready-to-use disinfectant spray with 58% ethanol (EDS), were tested at contact times of 0, or 0.5 to 10 min at ambient temperature. EBOV/Mak was inactivated (> 6 log10) by 70% ethanol after contact times ≥ 2.5 min, by 0.5% and 1% NaOCl or EDS (> 4 log10) at contact times ≥ 5 min, and by 0.12-0.48% PCMX (> 4.2 log10) at contact times ≥ 5 min. Residual infectious virus in neutralized samples was assessed by passage on cells and evaluation for viral cytopathic effect. No infectious virus was detected in cells inoculated with EBOV/Mak exposed to NaOCl (0.5% or 1%), PCMX (0.12% to 0.48%), or EDS for ≥ 5 min. These results demonstrate ≥ 6 log10 inactivation of EBOV/Mak dried on prototypic surfaces by EDS or formulations of NaOCl (≥ 0.5%), PCMX (≥ 0.12%), or 70% ethanol at contact times ≥ 5 min.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Infective Agents / pharmacology*
  • Chlorocebus aethiops
  • Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral / drug effects
  • Disinfectants / pharmacology
  • Ebolavirus / drug effects*
  • Ebolavirus / pathogenicity
  • Environmental Microbiology
  • Ethanol / pharmacology
  • Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola / prevention & control*
  • Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola / transmission
  • Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola / virology
  • Humans
  • In Vitro Techniques
  • Porosity
  • Sodium Hypochlorite / pharmacology
  • Surface Properties
  • Vero Cells
  • Virus Inactivation / drug effects*
  • Xylenes / pharmacology

Substances

  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Disinfectants
  • Xylenes
  • chloroxylenol
  • Ethanol
  • Sodium Hypochlorite