The role of dental insurance in mitigating mortality among working-age U.S. adults with periodontitis

Abstract

Aim: To assess the relationship of dental insurance with all-cause mortality and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), diabetes mellitus (DM), and cerebrovascular diseases (CBD) among those with periodontitis.

Materials and methods: NHANES III and its associated mortality data set were used in this study. The outcome variables were "all-cause mortality" and "combined mortality" due to CVD, DM, and CBD. The independent variable was dental insurance stratified over periodontitis status. Unweighted frequencies with weighted column percentages were used for descriptive statistics, and chi-square test was applied for significance. Cox proportional hazard models were used for stratified multivariable analyses. All analyses were performed in SAS v9.4 accounting for survey data complexities. Significance level was kept at 5%.

Results: The mortality was 14.58% for all-cause mortality and 4.06% for combined mortality among those with periodontitis in this study. Dental insurance significantly reduced the hazard of all-cause mortality among those with periodontitis (HR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.61 - 0.93), adjusted for covariates. However, no association of dental insurance with combined mortality was observed among periodontitis group.

Conclusions: Dental insurance reduces hazard of all-cause mortality among those with periodontitis. Dental insurance ensures access to dentists and improves oral and dental health. Longitudinal study is needed to establish causality.

Keywords: dental insurance; mortality; periodontitis.