Characterization of Crystalline Phase of TiO2 Nanocrystals, Cytotoxicity and Cell Internalization Analysis on Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Cristiane Angélico Duarte; Luiz Ricardo Goulart; Letícia de Souza Castro Filice; Isabela Lemos de Lima; Esther Campos-Fernández; Noelio Oliveira Dantas; Anielle Christine Almeida Silva; Milena Botelho Pereira Soares; Ricardo Ribeiro Dos Santos; Carine Machado Azevedo Cardoso; Luciana Souza de Aragão França; Vinícius Pinto Costa Rocha; Ana Rosa Lopes Pereira Ribeiro; Geronimo Perez; Loyna Nobile Carvalho; Vivian Alonso-Goulart

doi:10.3390/ma13184071

Characterization of Crystalline Phase of TiO₂ Nanocrystals, Cytotoxicity and Cell Internalization Analysis on Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Materials (Basel). 2020 Sep 14;13(18):4071. doi: 10.3390/ma13184071.

Authors

Cristiane Angélico Duarte¹, Luiz Ricardo Goulart¹, Letícia de Souza Castro Filice¹, Isabela Lemos de Lima¹, Esther Campos-Fernández¹, Noelio Oliveira Dantas², Anielle Christine Almeida Silva², Milena Botelho Pereira Soares³, Ricardo Ribeiro Dos Santos³, Carine Machado Azevedo Cardoso^{3

4}, Luciana Souza de Aragão França^{3

4}, Vinícius Pinto Costa Rocha^{3

4}, Ana Rosa Lopes Pereira Ribeiro^{5

6}, Geronimo Perez^{7

8}, Loyna Nobile Carvalho¹, Vivian Alonso-Goulart¹

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38.400-000, Brazil.
² Laboratory of New Nanostructured and Functional Materials, Physics Institute, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió 57073-704, Brazil.
³ Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Immunopharmacology (LETI), Oswaldo Cruz Fundation, Salvador 40.000-001, Brazil.
⁴ Center of Biotechnology and Cell Therapy (CBTC), Sao Rafael Hospital, Salvador 40.000-001, Brazil.
⁵ National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Rio de Janeiro 20.000-000, Brazil.
⁶ Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN), Rio de Janeiro 20.000-000, Brazil.
⁷ Division of Metrology of Materials, National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), Rio de Janeiro 20.000-000, Brazil.
⁸ Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 20.000-000, Brazil.

Abstract

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) is manufactured worldwide as crystalline and amorphous forms for multiple applications, including tissue engineering, but our study proposes analyzing the impact of crystalline phases of TiO₂ on Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs). Several studies have already described the regenerative potential of MSCs and TiO₂ has been used for bone regeneration. In this study, polydispersity index and sizes of TiO₂ nanocrystals (NCs) were determined. Adipose tissue-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AT-MSCs) were isolated and characterized in order to evaluate cellular viability and the internalization of nanocrystals (NCs). All of the assays were performed using the TiO₂ NCs with 100% anatase (A), 91.6% anatase/9.4% rutile (AR), 64.6% rutile/35.4% anatase (RA), and 84.0% rutile/16% brookite (RB), submitted to several concentrations in 24-h treatments. Cellular localization of TiO₂ NCs in the AT-MSCs was resolved by europium-doped NCs. Viability was significantly improved under the predominance of the rutile phase in NCs with localization restricted at the cytoplasm, suggesting that AR and RA NCs are not genotoxic and can be associated with most cellular activities and metabolic pathways, including glycolysis and cell division.

Keywords: TiO2 nanocrystal; adipose tissue stem cell; crystalline phase.

Abstract

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