Prevalence of latex sensitivity and allergy among physicians of a residency program in a children´s hospital of Buenos Aires

Arch Argent Pediatr. 2020 Oct;118(5):337-342. doi: 10.5546/aap.2020.eng.337.
[Article in English, Spanish]

Abstract

Introduction: International publications estimate a 7 %-17 % latex sensitization (LS) prevalence among health care workers, but values in Argentina are unknown.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of latex sensitization and allergy among residents of a children's hospital using the immediate-reading prick test and to assess associated risk factors in this population.

Population and methods: Cross-sectional study. Residents, trainers, and Chief residents of the Departments of Pediatrics, Orthopedics, Surgery and Intensive Care were included between June and October 2017. All of them were administered a questionnaire (assessing atopic diseases and other risk factors) and underwent the immediatereading prick test. Total and latex-specific immunoglobulin E levels were determined in a subgroup of individuals (first- and fourth-year residents, surgical specialties, and intensive care).

Results: A total of 113 participants were included. LS prevalence was 7.96 % (95 % confidence interval: 3.70-14.58); 4 participants were allergic to latex. A history of latex-related symptoms (LRS) was significantly associated with a positive result in the immediate-reading prick test (p = 0.0196; odds ratio: 6.13; 95 % confidence interval: 1.44-26.04). There was no association between LS and the year of the residency program.

Conclusions: The observed LS prevalence was 7.9 %. There was a significant relation between a history of LRS and a positive result in the immediate-reading prick test.

Introducción. Publicaciones internacionales estiman una prevalencia de sensibilización al látex (SL) en el personal de salud del 7 % al 17 %, y se desconocen los valores en la Argentina. Objetivos. Estimar la prevalencia de sensibilización y alergia al látex en médicos residentes de un hospital pediátrico mediante la prueba epicutánea de lectura inmediata y evaluar factores de riesgo asociados en dicha población. Población y métodos. Estudio de corte transversal. Se incluyeron los residentes, jefes e instructores de Pediatría, Ortopedia, Cirugía y Terapia Intensiva entre junio y octubre de 2017. En todos, se realizó un cuestionario (que evaluó enfermedades atópicas y otros factores de riesgo) y la prueba epicutánea de lectura inmediata. En un subgrupo (residentes de 1ero, 4to año, especialidades quirúrgicas y terapia) se dosó inmunoglobulina E total y específica para látex. Resultados. Se incluyeron 113 participantes. La prevalencia de SL fue del 7,96 % (intervalo de confianza del 95 %: 3,70-14,58); 4 participantes resultaron alérgicos al látex. El antecedente de síntomas relacionados con el látex se asoció significativamente con prueba epicutánea de lectura inmediata + (p = 0,0196; odds ratio 6,13; intervalo de confianza del 95 %: 1,44-26,04). No hubo asociación entre SL y año de residencia. Conclusiones. La prevalencia de SL hallada fue del 7,9 %. Se evidenció una relación significativa entre el antecedente de SRL y un resultado de prueba epicutánea de lectura inmediata positiva.

Keywords: latex allergy; physicians; skin tests.

Publication types

  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Argentina
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Hospitals, Pediatric
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin E / immunology*
  • Internship and Residency*
  • Latex Hypersensitivity / diagnosis
  • Latex Hypersensitivity / epidemiology*
  • Male
  • Personnel, Hospital / statistics & numerical data
  • Physicians / statistics & numerical data*
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Factors
  • Skin Tests
  • Surveys and Questionnaires

Substances

  • Immunoglobulin E