Nitrite is a by-product of the nitrogen cycle. The excessive nitrite not only constrains growth and metabolism of bacteria, but also impairs health of humans and aquatic organisms. On the other hand, the continuous maintaining of nitrite accumulation could achieve the shortcut nitrification process, and reduce energy consumption of biological nitrogen removal to save cost. This article reviews the biological processes and causes of nitrite accumulation in the water environment, and summarizes the factors that affect the accumulation of nitrite, to provide reference for wastewater treatments, including improving the nitrogen removal efficiency, reducing operating costs, decreasing discharge of sewage and nitrite nitrogen in natural water.
亚硝酸盐是氮循环过程的中间产物，其积累超过一定量则会抑制微生物的生长与代谢，也会给人与水生生物带来健康风险。而在高氮污水生物脱氮工艺中，持续维持亚硝酸盐的积累能实现短程硝化过程，降低生物脱氮的能耗进而降低运营成本。本文综述了在水环境中亚硝酸盐积累的生物过程与积累原因，并对影响亚硝酸盐积累的因素进行了总结，旨在为提高污水处理过程中氮的去除效率，降低运营成本，减少排放污水及自然水体中亚硝态氮含量提供参考。.
Keywords: ammonia-oxidizing bacteria; enzyme; nitrite; nitrite-oxidizing bacteria; partial denitrification; partial nitrification.