Background: Artificial dermal skin substitutes (ADSS) in combination with split-thickness skin grafts (STSG) are a valuable option for reconstruction of skin- and soft tissue-defects. However, successful incorporation of ADSS can be limited by various factors. We investigated the anticipated benefits of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) as an adjunct to support integration of ADSS, in a retrospective, comparative cohort study.
Patients and methods: We performed a retrospective, non-blinded, non-randomized comparative study including 86 patients with various soft-tissue defects, managed by application of either ADSS with or without NPWT based on the surgeon's preference. Outcome measurements comprised ADSS and skin graft take rates and analysis of treatment duration and time to wound healing. Additionally, patients were analyzed for the occurrence of hematoma, seroma, wound infection, and lack of substitute or skin graft adhesion.
Results: Demographic data and individual risk factors did not differ with statistical significance between both groups. The combination of ADSS with NPWT led to significantly improved rates of ADSS integration (89 vs. 70.1%; p = 0.035) and skin graft take (91 vs. 76%; p = 0.049) compared to standard wound dressings without NPWT. In addition, while differences in the incidence of seroma were neglectable, NPWT application led to significantly reduced rates of infection of ADSS (2.2 vs. 7.3%; p = 0.043). Moreover, STSG could be performed on average 4 days earlier with the application of NPWT (p = 0.031).
Conclusions: The addition of NPWT to ADSS is a helpful adjunct that reduces time of incorporation and vascularization and improves clinical success rates.
Keywords: Artificial dermal skin substitutes (ADSS); Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT); Split thickness skin graft; Success rate; Vascularization.
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.