Temperature dependence of source profiles for volatile organic compounds from typical volatile emission sources

Zhenzhen Niu; Shaofei Kong; Huang Zheng; Qin Yan; Jinhong Liu; Yunkai Feng; Jian Wu; Shurui Zheng; Xin Zeng; Liquan Yao; Ying Zhang; Zewei Fan; Yi Cheng; Xi Liu; Fangqi Wu; Si Qin; Yingying Yan; Feng Ding; Wei Liu; Kuanguang Zhu; Dantong Liu; Shihua Qi

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141741

Temperature dependence of source profiles for volatile organic compounds from typical volatile emission sources

Sci Total Environ. 2021 Jan 10:751:141741. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141741. Epub 2020 Aug 18.

Authors

Zhenzhen Niu¹, Shaofei Kong², Huang Zheng³, Qin Yan³, Jinhong Liu⁴, Yunkai Feng⁴, Jian Wu³, Shurui Zheng³, Xin Zeng³, Liquan Yao³, Ying Zhang¹, Zewei Fan¹, Yi Cheng¹, Xi Liu⁴, Fangqi Wu¹, Si Qin⁴, Yingying Yan¹, Feng Ding⁵, Wei Liu⁵, Kuanguang Zhu⁵, Dantong Liu⁶, Shihua Qi⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
² Department of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China. Electronic address: kongshaofei@cug.edu.cn.
³ Department of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
⁴ Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
⁵ Hubei Academy of Environmental Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
⁶ Department of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.

PMID: 32889467
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141741

Abstract

Source profiles of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from the evaporation of various fuels, industrial raw materials, processes and products are still limited in China. The impact of ambient temperature on the VOC released from these fugitive emission sources has also been rarely reported. In order to establish VOC source profiles for thirteen volatile emission sources, a sampling campaign was conducted in Central China, and five types of sources were investigated both in winter and summer. The dominant VOC groups varied in different sources, and they were alkanes (78.6%), alkenes (53.1%), aromatics (55.1%), halohydrocarbons (80.7%) and oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs) (76.0%), respectively. Ambient temperature showed different impacts on VOC source profiles and specific species ratios. The mass percentages of halohydrocarbons emitted from color printing and waste transfer station in summer were 42 times and 20 times higher than those in winter, respectively. The mass percentages of OVOCs emitted from car painting, waste transfer station and laundry emission sources were much higher in summer (7.9-27.8%) than those in winter (0.8-2.6%). On the contrary, alkanes from color printing, car painting and waste transfer stations were about 11, 4 and 5 times higher in winter than those in summer, respectively. The coefficient of divergence values for the source profiles obtained in winter and summer ranged in 0.3-0.7, indicating obvious differences of source profiles. Benzene/toluene ratio varied in 0.00-0.76, and it was in the range of 0.02-0.50 in winter and 0.04-0.52 in summer for the same sources, respectively. Hexanal, isobutene, m,p-xylene, toluene, 2-methylacrolein, styrene, 1-hexane and cis-2-butene dominated the ozone formation potentials (OFP). The OFP summer/winter differences were 5-320 times by MIR method and 1-79 times by Propy-Equiv method, respectively. This study firstly gave direct evidence that ambient temperature modified the mass percentages of VOC species obviously. It is important for improving VOC source apportionment and chemical reactivity simulation.

Keywords: Chemical reactivity; Source profiles; Temperature dependence; Volatile emission sources; Volatile organic compounds.