Molecular & biochemical analysis of Pro12Ala variant of PPAR-γ2 gene in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Rabbani Syed; Kaiser Jamil; M Asimuddin; Mohammed S Alqahtani; Meshal Alshehri; Ayesha Mateen; Abdul Wahab Ali Aduderman; Mohammad Shamsul Ola; Abdul Malik

doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.06.046

Molecular & biochemical analysis of Pro12Ala variant of PPAR-γ2 gene in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Saudi J Biol Sci. 2020 Sep;27(9):2439-2443. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.06.046. Epub 2020 Jul 2.

Authors

Rabbani Syed¹, Kaiser Jamil², M Asimuddin², Mohammed S Alqahtani¹, Meshal Alshehri³, Ayesha Mateen³, Abdul Wahab Ali Aduderman⁴, Mohammad Shamsul Ola⁵, Abdul Malik¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
² Genetics Department of Genetics, Bhagwan Mahavir Medical Research Centre, Hyderabad 500004, Telangana, India.
³ Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 16278, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Diabetes has emerged as a major threat to human life globally. Genomic studies have found a significant link between the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPAR-γ2 gene with incidence as well as occurrence of the risk of metabolic syndrome. The present study was aimed at assessing the PPAR-γ2 variant in an Asian Indian cohort of type 2 diabetes patients and its correlation with metabolic parameters. The present case-control study involved 100 type 2 diabetic patients and 100 asymptomatic healthy volunteers enrolled in random. Assessment of demographic factors and biochemical parameters were done for all enrolled. In addition, genotyping for the Pro12Ala (CCA to GCA) polymorphism was done by polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technology. The genotyping study detected the frequency of the CC genotype (Pro12Pro) to be higher in frequency in comparison to the heterozygous CG genotype in both, cases and controls. The homozygous GG genotype (Ala12Ala) was not detected in any of the cases or controls assessed. Biochemical analysis of the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) detected a significant increase (p < 0.0001). Additionally, increase in levels of fasting and postprandial glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and parameters of the liver and renal function tests were detected. This study detected the PPAR-γ2 to be a significant biomarker for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: Asian Indians; PPARG; Polymerase chain reaction; Pro12Ala; T2DM.