Background: Little has been published about TKA in windswept deformities of the knees where combined varus and valgus deformities present in the same patient. Windswept deformities present with unique problems and must be addressed as two halves of a complex entity. Through this review we aim to understand the interrelation between the deformities, examine outcomes following simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty in windswept deformities, and develop an algorithm for the management of windswept deformities by total knee arthroplasty.
Methods: An extensive online literature search for the keywords yielded 31 articles on which we based our review. Articles were analyzed in context to our research questions and are presented in a tabular format for quick reference and a better perspective.
Results: The abnormal biomechanics and force moment of the knee cause progressive arthritis of the knee. The valgus deformity usually precedes a varus deformity on the contralateral knee in windswept deformities. Correct restoration of mechanical tibiofemoral angles by individualizing valgus correction angles have better outcomes after TKA.
Conclusion: A well-planned and judiciously executed simultaneous bilateral total knee replacement can offer distinct advantages to the patient and surgeon and provides optimum utilization of time and resources in the management of windswept knees.
Keywords: Arthroplasty; Knee; Simultaneous bilateral; Valgus deformity; Varus deformity; Windswept deformities.