Abstract
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by JC virus (JCV) and is difficult to diagnose. We report on a male HIV-positive patient with PML finally diagnosed by 3 times lumbar punctures and 2 times brain biopsies. Negative results of JCV-PCR in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) do not rule out the diagnosis of PML when clinical manifestations and neuroimaging features suspected PML. It is necessary to obtain new CSF and make repeat tests and even perform brain biopsy.
Keywords:
HIV; JC virus; Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
Publication types
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Case Reports
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Brain / diagnostic imaging
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Brain / pathology*
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Brain / virology
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Coinfection
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DNA, Viral / genetics
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Fatal Outcome
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HIV / genetics
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HIV / isolation & purification
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HIV Infections / diagnostic imaging
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HIV Infections / pathology*
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HIV Infections / virology
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Humans
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JC Virus / genetics
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JC Virus / isolation & purification
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Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / diagnostic imaging
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Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / pathology*
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Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / virology
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Spinal Cord / diagnostic imaging
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Spinal Cord / pathology*
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Spinal Cord / virology
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Spinal Puncture