Update on Albumin Therapy in Critical Illness

Elisa M Mazzaferro; Thomas Edwards

doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2020.07.005

Update on Albumin Therapy in Critical Illness

Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2020 Nov;50(6):1289-1305. doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2020.07.005. Epub 2020 Aug 21.

Authors

Elisa M Mazzaferro¹, Thomas Edwards²

Affiliations

¹ Cornell University Veterinary Specialists, 880 Canal Street, Stamford, CT 06902, USA; Emergency and Critical Care, Cornell University Hospital for Animals. Electronic address: emazzaferro@cuvs.org.
² Research Support Division, U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, 3698 Chambers Pass, San Antonio, TX 78234, USA.

PMID: 32839002
DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2020.07.005

Abstract

Albumin is among the most important proteins and plays a significant role in maintenance of colloid osmotic pressure, wound healing, decreasing oxidative damage, carrying drugs and endogenous substances, and coagulation. Hypoalbuminemia is common in acute and chronic illnesses. Replenishment of albumin can be in the form of fresh frozen, frozen or cryopoor plasma, or in the form of human or canine albumin concentrates. Infusion of human albumin concentrate to healthy and critically ill dogs can induce acute and delayed hypersensitivity reactions. Death has been reported. Therefore, allogenic transfusion in the form of plasma products or canine albumin concentrate is recommended.

Keywords: Albumin; Colloid osmotic pressure; Endothelial glycocalyx; Transfusion; Type III hypersensitivity reaction.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Albumins / administration & dosage*
Animals
Cat Diseases / drug therapy*
Cats
Dog Diseases / drug therapy*
Dogs
Hypoalbuminemia / drug therapy
Hypoalbuminemia / veterinary*
Serum Albumin / analysis*

Substances

Albumins
Serum Albumin