Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a common high-risk complication in patients with diabetes mellitus, but current drugs and therapies in management of this disease cannot meet the urgent clinical needs. In this study, a snail glycosaminoglycan (SGAG) from the cultured China white jade snail was purified and structurally clarified. This snail glycosaminoglycan is a regular sulfated polysaccharide, composed of iduronic acid (IdoA) and N-acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc) with the repeating sequence of →4)-α-GlcNAc (1→4)-α-IdoA2S (1→. The biological assays showed that SGAG had no anticoagulant activity for lacking specific heparin pentasaccharide sequence. The pharmacological experiments suggested that SGAG markedly accelerated the healing of full-thickness wounds in diabetic mice skin. Histologic and immunohistochemical analysis revealed that SGAG treatment alleviated the inflammation and dermal edema, and promoted angiogenesis. This is the first report applying the snail glycosaminoglycan to favor diabetic wound healing.
Keywords:
Chemical structure; Diabetic wound healing; Glycosaminoglycan; Heparin; Snail.
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
MeSH terms
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Acetylglucosamine / chemistry
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Actins / metabolism
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Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / chemistry*
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Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / isolation & purification
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Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / pharmacology*
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Animals
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / chemistry*
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / isolation & purification
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology*
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Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
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Edema / drug therapy
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Epithelium / drug effects
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Epithelium / physiology
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Glycosaminoglycans / chemistry*
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Glycosaminoglycans / isolation & purification
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Glycosaminoglycans / pharmacology*
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Heparin / chemistry
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Iduronic Acid / chemistry
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Inflammation / drug therapy
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Inflammation / metabolism
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Interleukin-8 / metabolism
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Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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Male
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Mice
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Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / metabolism
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Regeneration
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Skin / drug effects
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Skin / pathology
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Skin Diseases / drug therapy
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Snails / chemistry*
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Wound Healing / drug effects
Substances
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Actins
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Angiogenesis Inducing Agents
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents
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Glycosaminoglycans
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Interleukin-8
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Pecam1 protein, mouse
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Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
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alpha-smooth muscle actin, mouse
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Iduronic Acid
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Heparin
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Acetylglucosamine