Comparison of Intraocular Antibody Measurement, Quantitative Pathogen PCR, and Metagenomic Deep Sequencing of Aqueous Humor in Secondary Glaucoma Associated with Anterior Segment Uveitis

Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2022 Jan 2;30(1):153-159. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2020.1776883. Epub 2020 Aug 18.

Abstract

Purpose: To identify viral pathogens in patients with secondary glaucoma associated with anterior segment uveitis and compare metagenomic deep sequencing (MDS) with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) combined with Witmer-Desmonts coefficient (WDC) evaluation and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) on investigating pathogens in aqueous humor.

Methods: Aqueous humor from 31 patients, including 22 Posner-Schlossman Syndrome and 9 other anterior uveitis, was assessed pathogens by ELISA combined with WDC evaluation, virus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) detection by real-time qPCR and MDS.

Results: Viral pathogens (HCMV or VZV or RV) were detected in 19 out of 31 eyes (61.3%) by real-time qPCR or WDC evaluation. MDS revealed the presence of HCMV DNA sequences in three PSS patients.

Conclusion: Virus is an important pathogen in secondary glaucoma associated with anterior segment uveitis. MDS is a potential etiologic diagnosis tool to seek intraocular viral pathogens for secondary glaucoma associated anterior segment uveitis.

Keywords: Secondary glaucoma; Witmer-Desmonts coefficient (WDC); anterior segment uveitis; human cytomegalovirus (HCMV); metagenomic deep sequencing (MDS); polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

MeSH terms

  • Aqueous Humor
  • DNA, Viral / analysis
  • DNA, Viral / genetics
  • Eye Infections, Viral* / diagnosis
  • Glaucoma* / diagnosis
  • High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
  • Humans
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Uveitis* / diagnosis
  • Uveitis, Anterior* / diagnosis

Substances

  • DNA, Viral