Optimization Extraction of Shikonin Using Ultrasound-Assisted Response Surface Methodology and Antibacterial Studies

Xiang-Yue Huang; Hua-Lin Fu; Hua-Qiao Tang; Zhong-Qiong Yin; Wei Zhang; Gang Shu; Li-Zi Yin; Ling Zhao; Xiao-Rong Yan; Ju-Chun Lin

doi:10.1155/2020/1208617

Optimization Extraction of Shikonin Using Ultrasound-Assisted Response Surface Methodology and Antibacterial Studies

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 Jul 29:2020:1208617. doi: 10.1155/2020/1208617. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
² The People's Hospital of Ya'an, Ya'an, China.

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to develop and optimize ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) for shikonin from Arnebia euchroma using response surface methodology (RSM) and to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of shikonin. The maximum yield of shikonin was 1.26% under the optimal extraction conditions (ultrasound power, 93 W; time, 87 min; temperature, 39°C; and liquid-solid ratio, 11 : 1). Shikonin showed inhibitory activity against standard strains and clinical isolates to varying extents (MICs ranging from 128 to 1024 μg/mL, MBCs ranging from 256 to 2048 μg/mL), and it was more effective for Gram-positive bacteria as indicated by lower MIC and MBC values. Time-kill curves revealed that antibacterial activity of shikonin exhibited a dose-response relationship. In summary, via this study, we identified ultrasound-assisted RSM as the optimal extraction method for shikonin, which is a potential material for the treatment of bacterial infections.