Effects of resistance training and turmeric supplementation on reactive species marker stress in diabetic rats

Ailton Santos Sena Júnior; Felipe José Aidar; Jymmys Lopes Dos Santos; Charles Dos Santos Estevam; Jessica Denielle Matos Dos Santos; Ana Mara de Oliveira E Silva; Fábio Bessa Lima; Silvan Silva De Araújo; Anderson Carlos Marçal

doi:10.1186/s13102-020-00194-9

Effects of resistance training and turmeric supplementation on reactive species marker stress in diabetic rats

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2020 Aug 6:12:45. doi: 10.1186/s13102-020-00194-9. eCollection 2020.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe Brazil.
² Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports - GEPEPS, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe Brazil.
³ Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe Brazil.
⁴ Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe Brazil.
⁵ Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
⁶ Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe Brazil.

Abstract

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia and excessive generation of reactive oxygen species caused by autoimmune destruction of beta-cells in the pancreas. Among the antioxidant compounds, Curcuma longa (CL) has potential antioxidant effects and may improve hyperglycemia in uncontrolled T1DM/TD1, as well as prevent its complications (higher costs for the maintenance of health per patient, functional disability, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic damage). In addition to the use of compounds to attenuate the effects triggered by diabetes, physical exercise is also essential for glycemic control and the maintenance of skeletal muscles. Our objective is to evaluate the effects of CL supplementation associated with moderate- to high-intensity resistance training on the parameters of body weight recovery, glycemic control, reactive species markers, and tissue damage in rats with T1DM/TD1.

Methods: Forty male 3-month-old Wistar rats (200-250 g) with alloxan-induced T1DM were divided into 4 groups (n = 7-10): sedentary diabetics (DC); diabetic rats that underwent a 4-week resistance training protocol (TD); CL-supplemented diabetic rats (200 mg/kg body weight, 3x a week) (SD); and supplemented diabetic rats under the same conditions as above and submitted to training (TSD). Body weight, blood glucose, and the following biochemical markers were analyzed: lipid profile, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), uric acid, creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS).

Results: Compared to the DC group, the TD group showed body weight gain (↑7.99%, p = 0.0153) and attenuated glycemia (↓23.14%, p = 0.0008) and total cholesterol (↓31.72%, p ≤ 0.0041) associated with diminished reactive species markers in pancreatic (↓45.53%, p < 0.0001) and cardiac tissues (↓51.85%, p < 0.0001). In addition, compared to DC, TSD promoted body weight recovery (↑15.44%, p ≤ 0.0001); attenuated glycemia (↓42.40%, p ≤ 0.0001), triglycerides (↓39.96%, p ≤ 0.001), and total cholesterol (↓28.61%, p ≤ 0.05); and attenuated the reactive species markers in the serum (↓26.92%, p ≤ 0.01), pancreas (↓46.22%, p ≤ 0.0001), cardiac (↓55.33%, p ≤ 0.001), and skeletal muscle (↓42.27%, p ≤ 0.001) tissues caused by T1DM.

Conclusion: Resistance training associated (and/or not) with the use of Curcuma longa attenuated weight loss, the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects, reactive species markers, and T1DM-induced tissue injury.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Resistance training; Turmeric.