New insights in the mode of action of (+)-erythravine and (+)-11α-hydroxy-erythravine alkaloids

Eur J Pharmacol. 2020 Oct 15:885:173390. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173390. Epub 2020 Jul 29.

Abstract

Erythrinian alkaloids ((+)-erythravine and (+)-11-α-hydroxy-erythravine) have been pointed as the main responsible agents for the anticonvulsant and anxiolytic properties of Erythrina mulungu Mart ex Benth. The present work provides a new set of information about the mode of action of these alkaloids by the use of a complementary approach of neurochemical and electrophysiological assays. We propose here that the antiepileptic and anxiolytic properties exhibited by both alkaloids appear not to be related to the inhibition of glutamate binding or GABA uptake, or even to the increase of glutamate uptake or GABA binding, as investigated here by the use of rat cortical synaptosomes. Similarly, and even in a high concentration, (+)-erythravine and (+)-11-α-hydroxy-erythravine did not modulate the main sodium and potassium channel isoforms checked by the use of voltage-clamp studies on Xenopus laevis oocytes. However, unlike (+)-11-α-hydroxy-erythravine, which presented a little effect, it was possible to observe that the (+)-erythravine alkaloid produced a significant inhibitory modulation on α4β2, α4β4 and α7 isoforms of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors also checked by the use of voltage-clamp studies, which could explain at least partially its anxiolytic and anticonvulsant properties. Since (+)-11-α-hydroxy-erythravine and (+)-erythravine modulated nicotinic acetylcholine receptors to different extents, it is possible to reinforce that small differences between the chemical structure of these alkaloids can affect the selectivity and affinity of target-ligand interactions, conferring distinct potency and/or pharmacological properties to them, as previously suggested by differential experimental comparison between different erythrinian alkaloids.

Keywords: E. mulungu; Electrophysiology; Erythrinian alkaloids; GABA; Glutamate; Ion channels.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Anxiety Agents / pharmacology*
  • Anticonvulsants / pharmacology*
  • Cerebral Cortex / drug effects
  • Cerebral Cortex / metabolism
  • Erythrina / chemistry
  • Glutamic Acid / metabolism
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings / pharmacology*
  • Nicotinic Antagonists / pharmacology
  • Oocytes
  • Patch-Clamp Techniques
  • Potassium / metabolism
  • Receptors, Nicotinic / drug effects
  • Sodium Channels / metabolism
  • Synaptosomes / drug effects
  • Synaptosomes / metabolism
  • Xenopus laevis
  • gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / metabolism

Substances

  • (+)-erythravine
  • Anti-Anxiety Agents
  • Anticonvulsants
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings
  • Nicotinic Antagonists
  • Receptors, Nicotinic
  • Sodium Channels
  • Glutamic Acid
  • gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
  • Potassium