The effects of moderate alterations in adrenergic activity on acute appetite regulation in obese women: A randomised crossover trial

Nutr Health. 2020 Dec;26(4):311-322. doi: 10.1177/0260106020942117. Epub 2020 Jul 30.

Abstract

Background: Previous evidence has demonstrated that serum leptin is correlated with appetite in combination with, but not without, modest exercise.

Aim: The present experiments investigated the effects of exogenous adrenaline and α/β adrenoceptor blockade in combination with moderate exercise on serum leptin concentrations, appetite/satiety sensations and subsequent food intake in obese women.

Methods: A total of 10 obese women ((mean ± SEM), age: 50 (1.9) years, body mass index 36 (4.1) kg/m2, waist 104.8 (4.1) cm) participated in two separate, double-blind randomised experimental trials. Experiment 1: moderate exercise after α/β adrenergic blocker (labetalol, 100 mg orally) versus moderate exercise plus placebo; experiment 2: adrenaline infusion for 20 minutes versus saline infusion. Appetite/satiety and biochemistry were measured at baseline, pre- and immediately post-intervention, then 1 hour post-intervention (i.e., before dinner). Food intake was assessed via ad libitum buffet-style dinner.

Results: No differences were found in appetite/satiety, subsequent food intake or serum leptin in any of the studies (experiment 1 or experiment 2). In experiment 1, blood glucose was higher (p < 0.01) and plasma free fatty acids lower (p = 0.04) versus placebo. In experiment 2, plasma free fatty acids (p < 0.05) increased after adrenaline versus saline infusion.

Conclusions: Neither inhibition of exercise-induced adrenergic activity by combined α/β adrenergic blockade nor moderate increases in adrenergic activity induced by intravenous adrenaline infusion affected acute appetite regulation.

Keywords: Appetite regulation; adrenaline infusion; adrenergic blockade; moderate exercise; obesity.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adrenergic Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / administration & dosage
  • Appetite / drug effects
  • Appetite Regulation / drug effects*
  • Blood Glucose / analysis
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Energy Intake
  • Epinephrine / administration & dosage*
  • Exercise*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Labetalol / administration & dosage*
  • Leptin / blood
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity / blood*
  • Obesity / therapy
  • Satiation / drug effects

Substances

  • Adrenergic Agents
  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
  • Blood Glucose
  • Leptin
  • Labetalol
  • Epinephrine