Clinically practiced and commercially viable nanobio engineered analytical methods for COVID-19 diagnosis

Supratim Mahapatra; Pranjal Chandra

doi:10.1016/j.bios.2020.112361

Clinically practiced and commercially viable nanobio engineered analytical methods for COVID-19 diagnosis

Biosens Bioelectron. 2020 Oct 1:165:112361. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112361. Epub 2020 Jun 8.

Authors

Supratim Mahapatra¹, Pranjal Chandra²

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India.
² Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India. Electronic address: pranjalchandra@gmail.com.

Abstract

The recent outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has left the world clueless. As the WHO declares this new contagion as a pandemic on the 11^th of March 2020, the alarming rate of the spawn of the disease in such a short period has disarranged the globe. Standing against this situation researchers are strenuously searching for the key traits responsible for this pandemic. As knowledge regarding the dynamics and host-path interaction of COVID-19 causing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently unknown, the formulation of strategies concerning antiviral treatment, vaccination, and epidemiological control stands crucial. Before designing adequate therapeutic strategies, it is extremely essential to diagnose the disease at the outset as early detection can have a greater impact on building health system capacity. Hence, a comprehensive review of strategies for COVID-19 diagnosis is essential in this existing global situation. In this review, sequentially, we have provided the clinical details along with genetic and proteomic biomarkers related to COVID-19. The article systematically enlightens a clear overview of the clinically adopted techniques for the detection of COVID-19 including oligonucleotide-based molecular detection, Point-of-Care immunodiagnostics, radiographical analysis/sensing system, and newly developed biosensing prototypes having commercial viability. The commercial kits/analytical methods based-sensing strategies have also been tabulated categorically. The critical insights on the developer, commercial brand name, detection methods, technical operational details, detection time, clinical specimen, status, the limit of detection/detection ability have been discussed comprehensively. We believe that this review may provide scientists, clinicians and healthcare manufacturers valuable information regarding the most recent developments/approaches towards COVID-19 diagnosis.

Keywords: COVID-19; Clinical diagnosis; Immunoassay; Point of care; RT-PCR; SARS-CoV-2; Serological tests.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Antibodies, Immobilized / chemistry
Betacoronavirus / genetics
Betacoronavirus / isolation & purification*
Biomarkers / analysis
Biosensing Techniques / instrumentation
Biosensing Techniques / methods*
COVID-19
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats
Coronavirus Infections / blood
Coronavirus Infections / diagnosis*
Coronavirus Infections / virology
Equipment Design
Humans
Immunoassay / instrumentation
Immunoassay / methods
Lab-On-A-Chip Devices*
Nanostructures / chemistry
Pandemics
Pneumonia, Viral / blood
Pneumonia, Viral / diagnosis*
Pneumonia, Viral / virology
Point-of-Care Testing*
Radiographic Image Enhancement / instrumentation
Radiographic Image Enhancement / methods
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / instrumentation
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods
SARS-CoV-2

Substances

Antibodies, Immobilized
Biomarkers