Any cognitive function is mediated by a network of many cortical sites whose activity is orchestrated through complex temporal dynamics. To understand cognition, we need to identify brain responses simultaneously in space and time. Here we present a technique that does this by linking multivariate response patterns of the human brain recorded with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and with magneto- or electroencephalography (M/EEG) based on representational similarity. We present the rationale and current applications of this non-invasive analysis technique, termed M/EEG-fMRI fusion, and discuss its pros and cons. We highlight its wide applicability in cognitive neuroscience and how its openness to further development and extension gives it strong potential for a deeper understanding of cognition in the future.
Keywords: EEG; MEG; fMRI; fusion; neural dynamics.
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