Significance of taurine transporter (TauT) in homeostasis and its layers of regulation (Review)

Mol Med Rep. 2020 Sep;22(3):2163-2173. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11321. Epub 2020 Jul 9.

Abstract

Taurine (2‑aminoethanesulfonic acid) contributes to homeostasis, mainly through its antioxidant and osmoregulatory properties. Taurine's influx and efflux are mainly mediated through the ubiquitous expression of the sodium/chloride‑dependent taurine transporter, located on the plasma membrane. The significance of the taurine transporter has been shown in various organ malfunctions in taurine‑transporter‑null mice. The taurine transporter differentially responds to various cellular stimuli including ionic environment, electrochemical charge, and pH changes. The renal system has been used as a model to evaluate the factors that significantly determine the regulation of taurine transporter regulation.

Keywords: taurine transporter; regulation; taurine deficient conditions.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Feces / chemistry
  • Homeostasis
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Kidney / chemistry
  • Membrane Glycoproteins / metabolism*
  • Membrane Transport Proteins / metabolism*
  • Mice
  • Taurine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Taurine / metabolism
  • Taurine / urine

Substances

  • Membrane Glycoproteins
  • Membrane Transport Proteins
  • taurine transporter
  • Taurine
  • 2-aminoethanethiosulfonic acid