Adaptation, validation and reproducibility of a short FFQ to assess food group intake in the population resident in the Basque country (Spain)

Public Health Nutr. 2021 Feb;24(3):436-448. doi: 10.1017/S1368980020001822. Epub 2020 Jul 21.

Abstract

Objective: To adapt a short FFQ (SFFQ) and evaluate its relative validity and reproducibility to assess food group intake in a population resident in the Basque Country. Moreover, the possible influence of associated variables (such as education level) on its validity and reproducibility was determined.

Design: Nine-day 24-h recalls (24HR) were used as a reference to explore validity over the course of 1 year. The degree of misclassification in the SFFQ was evaluated by a contingency table of quartiles and by Bland-Altman plots comparing SFFQ2 and 24HR. SFFQ was administered twice to explore reproducibility at 1 year.

Setting: Basque Autonomous Community.

Participants: Adults aged ≥21 years (n 99). The sample was randomly selected and representative of the target population.

Results: For validity, statistically significant correlations were observed for more than half of the food groups, with the lowest correlations (r or ρ) for fat (-0·008) and the highest for other foods (0·963). The mean percentage of the subjects' food intake that was classified into the same or adjacent quartile in both methods was 75·2 %. Reproducibility was explored by the correlation coefficient and ranged from 0·201 to 0·809, and 82·6 % of participants were in the same or adjacent quartile in both SFFQ. The associated variables did not seem to influence the validity and reproducibility of the SFFQ.

Conclusions: An adapted SFFQ presented good reproducibility and validity for measuring most food groups in the target population, and these results did not seem to be influenced by the associated variables.

Keywords: 24-h recalls; Dietary intake; FFQ; Food groups; Reproducibility; Spain; Validity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Diet Surveys / statistics & numerical data*
  • Diet*
  • Energy Intake*
  • Humans
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Spain
  • Surveys and Questionnaires