Generally speaking, fish intestinal microbiota is easily affected by food or water environment, and it may be dynamically changed along with body growth. However, it remains unclear whether fish gut microbiota can be affected under any conditions. In the present study, we focused on cultured larval turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and tracked its artificial breeding process from eggs to larvae in two farms located in different regions of China. Through continuous sampling, we analyzed and compared characteristics of intestinal microbiota in turbot larvae and its correlation with the bacteria in water and food at different developmental stages. The results showed that there was a steady group of microbiota in larval gut, and the highest relative abundance of strain was same between the two farms. This microbiota was established soon after hatching of fertilized eggs. Particularly, the structure of this microbiota was nearly not changeable afterward 3-4 months of development. The bacteria carried by fertilized eggs might play an important role during the formation of this microbiota. In conclusion, our findings suggested that there was a core microbiota represented by Lactococcus sp. in gut of artificially bred turbot larvae. The relative proportion of such strain in gut was higher than 30% at the initial stage of turbot life.
Keywords: Artificial breeding; Gut microbiota; Lactococcus sp.; Mariculture; Turbot.