Haptic and Somesthetic Communication in Sexual Medicine

Alessandro Moscatelli; Filippo M Nimbi; Simone Ciotti; Emmanuele A Jannini

doi:10.1016/j.sxmr.2020.02.003

Haptic and Somesthetic Communication in Sexual Medicine

Sex Med Rev. 2021 Apr;9(2):267-279. doi: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2020.02.003. Epub 2020 Jul 18.

Authors

Alessandro Moscatelli¹, Filippo M Nimbi², Simone Ciotti¹, Emmanuele A Jannini³

Affiliations

¹ Course of Physiology, Department of Systems Medicine and Center of Space Biomedicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Laboratory of Neuromotor Physiology, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
² Course of Psychosexology, Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
³ Chair of Endocrinology & Medical Sexology (ENDOSEX), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: eajannini@gmail.com.

PMID: 32690471
DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2020.02.003

Abstract

Introduction: The word "haptics" refers to sensory inputs arising from receptors in the skin and in the musculoskeletal system, particularly crucial in sexual economy. Haptic stimuli provide information about mechanical properties of touched objects and about the position and motion of the body. An important area in this field is the development of robotic interfaces for communication through the "haptic channel," which typically requires a collaboration between engineers, neuroscientists, and psychologists. Many aspects of human sexuality, such as arousal and intercourse, can be considered from a haptic perspective.

Objectives: To review the current literature on haptics and somatosensation, and discuss potential applications of haptic interfaces in sexual medicine.

Methods: Articles for this review were collected based on the results of a bibliographic search of relevant papers in Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, and EBSCO. The search terms used, including asterisks, were "haptic∗," "somatosensor∗," "sexual∗," and related terms describing the role of touch, technology, and sexuality. Additional terms included "interface∗," "touch," and "sex∗."

Results: We have provided a functional and anatomical description of the somatosensory system in humans, with special focus on neural structures involved in affective and erotic touch. One interesting topic is the development of haptic interfaces, which are specialized robots generating mechanical signals that stimulate our somatosensory system. We provided an overview on haptic interfaces and evaluated the role of haptics in sexual medicine.

Conclusion: Haptics and studies on the neuroscience of the somatosensory system are expected to provide useful insights for sexual medicine and novel tools for sexual dysfunction. In the future, crosstalk between sexology and haptics may produce a novel generation of user-friendly haptic devices generating a higher level of realism and presence in providing stimuli. Moscatelli A, Nimbi FM, Ciotti S, et al. Haptic and Somesthetic Communication in Sexual Medicine. J Sex Med 2021;9:267-279.

Keywords: Haptics; Human; Orgasm; Sex; Sex Aids; Sex Toys; Sexuality; Touch.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Communication
Humans
Touch
User-Computer Interface