The Effect of Rice Bran Extract on Arterial Blood Pressure, Hepatic Steatosis, and Inflammation in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet

Naphatsanan Duansak; Pritsana Piyabhan; Umarat Srisawat; Jarinyaporn Naowaboot; Nusiri Lerdvuthisopon; Geert Schmid-Schönbein

doi:10.1155/2020/8374287

The Effect of Rice Bran Extract on Arterial Blood Pressure, Hepatic Steatosis, and Inflammation in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet

J Nutr Metab. 2020 Jun 26:2020:8374287. doi: 10.1155/2020/8374287. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Naphatsanan Duansak¹, Pritsana Piyabhan¹, Umarat Srisawat¹, Jarinyaporn Naowaboot², Nusiri Lerdvuthisopon³, Geert Schmid-Schönbein⁴

Affiliations

¹ Division of Physiology, Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
² Division of Pharmacology, Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
³ Division of Biochemistry, Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
⁴ Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.

Abstract

Background: Inflammation and hypertension are primary mechanisms involving in obesity-associated adverse effects of a high-fat diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of rice bran extract (RBE) on arterial blood pressure, hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice.

Methods: Male ICR mice were divided into four groups, including a normal-diet control group, a high-fat diet (HFD) (60% kcal from fat) group, an HFD group treated with RBE (220 mg/kg/day), and an HFD group treated with 1100 mg/kg/day for eight weeks. Besides body weight and arterial blood pressure, we determined liver values of total cholesterol, triglyceride, as well as percent body fat, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and mRNA endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS).

Results: The HFD group had increased body weight, increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, liver total cholesterol, triglyceride, NF-κB, COX-2 and MMP-9 protein levels, and decreased mRNA eNOS in the aorta. Mice of the HFD group receiving RBE had reduced diastolic blood pressure, as well as significantly decreased liver and serum TNF-α and MDA levels in the liver, and reduced NF-κB levels in both the liver and heart.

Conclusions: These results demonstrate that RBE decreases diastolic blood pressure, the liver lipid droplet accumulation, liver and myocardial NF-κB, myocardial COX-2 and MMP-9 protein levels, and oxidative stress. Moreover, RBE may improve endothelial function and may alleviate adverse health effects associated with obesity including obesity-associated hypertension.