The protective effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles on cisplatin-damaged granulosa cells

Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Jul;59(4):527-533. doi: 10.1016/j.tjog.2020.05.010.

Abstract

Objective: Long term exposure to gonadotoxic chemotherapy is becoming a major cause of premature ovarian failure/insufficiency (POF/POI) with the increasing cancer incidence among young women. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effects of human cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) on cisplatin (CDDP)-damaged granulosa cells (GCs) in vitro.

Materials and methods: EVs were obtained from supernatant of cultured HUCMSCs by ultracentrifugation method, purified by Sucrose density gradient centrifugation, and then were co-cultured with cisplatin-damaged GCs of 3-weeks female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. PKH26 labeled EVs could be observed in normal and CDDP-damaged GCs after 6 h co-culture.

Results: The surviving GCs were significantly higher and apoptotic GCs were significantly lower in EVs + CDDP group compared with CDDP group. Meanwhile, the levels of E2 and StAR (the key gene related to synthesis of steroid hormone) were significantly higher in EVs + CDDP group compared with CDDP group. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of Caspase 3 was down-regulated significantly and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was up-regulated significantly in EVs + CDDP group. Moreover, the protective effect of EVs on CDDP-damaged GCs showed a dose-dependent effect.

Conclusion: HUCMSCs-derived EVs could become incorporated to CDDP-damaged GCs, and increase the number of living cells, therefore playing important roles in promoting resistance to cisplatin-induced GCs apoptosis and restoring synthesis and secretion of steroid hormone in GCs. This study might provide a theoretical and experimental basis for use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived EVs instead of MSCs as a cell-free therapeutic strategy for the patients with POI induced by chemotherapeutic agents.

Keywords: Apoptosis; Chemotherapeutics; Extracellular vesicles; Granulosa cells; Mesenchymal stem cells.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects*
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Cisplatin / adverse effects*
  • Extracellular Vesicles / transplantation*
  • Female
  • Granulosa Cells / cytology
  • Granulosa Cells / drug effects*
  • Granulosa Cells / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / cytology
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / metabolism*
  • Primary Ovarian Insufficiency / prevention & control
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Cisplatin