Abstract
Oxazolidinone hydroxamic acid derivatives were synthesised and evaluated for inhibitory activity against leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis in three in vitro cell-based test systems and on direct inhibition of recombinant human 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). Thirteen of the 19 compounds synthesised were considered active ((50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) ≤ 10 µM in two or more test systems)). Increasing alkyl chain length on the hydroxamic acid moiety enhanced activity and morpholinyl-containing derivatives were more active than N-acetyl-piperizinyl derivatives. The IC50 values in cell-based assay systems were comparable to those obtained by direct inhibition of 5-LO activity, confirming that the compounds are direct inhibitors of 5-LO. Particularly, compounds PH-249 and PH-251 had outstanding potencies (IC50 < 1 µM), comparable to that of the prototype 5-LO inhibitor, zileuton. Pronounced in vivo activity was demonstrated in zymosan-induced peritonitis in mice. These novel oxazolidinone hydroxamic acid derivatives are, therefore, potent 5-LO inhibitors with potential application as anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory agents.
Keywords:
5-lipoxygenase inhibitors; Hydroxamic acid derivatives; leukotrienes; oxazolidinone-hydroxamates.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / chemical synthesis
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / chemistry
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / pharmacology*
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Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase / metabolism*
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Cell Line
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Disease Models, Animal
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Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
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Female
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Humans
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Hydroxamic Acids / chemical synthesis
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Hydroxamic Acids / chemistry
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Hydroxamic Acids / pharmacology*
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Inflammation / chemically induced
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Inflammation / drug therapy*
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Inflammation / metabolism
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Leukotriene B4 / antagonists & inhibitors
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Leukotriene B4 / biosynthesis
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Lipoxygenase Inhibitors / chemical synthesis
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Lipoxygenase Inhibitors / chemistry
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Lipoxygenase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
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Male
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Molecular Structure
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Oxazolidinones / chemical synthesis
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Oxazolidinones / chemistry
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Oxazolidinones / pharmacology*
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Structure-Activity Relationship
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Zymosan
Substances
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
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Hydroxamic Acids
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Lipoxygenase Inhibitors
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Oxazolidinones
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Leukotriene B4
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Zymosan
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Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase
Grants and funding
This study was supported by Kuwait University (KU) Research Sector Grant [MR01/14]; KU, HSC OMICS Research Unit Grant [GM01/15]; KU General Facilities Science (GF-S), Faculty of Science Grants [GS01/03, GS01/05, and GS02/10].