Treatment strategies for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis in the era of lipid-lowering drugs: protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis

BMJ Open. 2020 Jul 5;10(7):e035094. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035094.

Abstract

Introduction: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA), carotid artery stenting (CAS) and best medical therapy (BMT) are the major treatments used for significant asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis (ACAS, ≥50%). However, the widespread use of lipid-lowering drugs in this century has improved BMT outcomes. This study aims to compare the treatment efficacy of current BMT, CEA+BMT and CAS+BMT in patients with significant ACAS.

Methods and analysis: This protocol was designed based on the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols. Publication time for studies will be set from 1 January 2000 to 1 June 2020. We will search three databases: PubMed, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library. Suitable randomised controlled studies will be screened. The primary outcomes will include short-term and long-term mortality, stroke and myocardial infarction. OR and HR for dichotomous data and time-to-event data with 95% CIs will be calculated. Treatment effects among different therapies will be ranked according to the surface under the cumulative ranking curve and mean rank. A comprehensive evaluation of the risk of bias, heterogeneity and transitivity will be performed before data synthesis. Consistency and evidence quality will also be assessed.

Ethics and dissemination: There will be no need for ethics approval as this systematic review is a summary and analysis of existing literature. Final results may be presented in international conferences or a peer-reviewed journal.

Prospero registration number: CRD42019138942.

Keywords: neurosurgery; stroke; stroke medicine.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Asymptomatic Diseases / therapy
  • Cardiovascular Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Carotid Stenosis / complications
  • Carotid Stenosis / drug therapy*
  • Carotid Stenosis / mortality
  • Carotid Stenosis / surgery*
  • Endarterectomy, Carotid
  • Endovascular Procedures
  • Humans
  • Meta-Analysis as Topic
  • Stents
  • Systematic Reviews as Topic
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Cardiovascular Agents