Respiratory droplet generation and dispersal during nasoendoscopy and upper respiratory swab testing

Head Neck. 2020 Oct;42(10):2779-2781. doi: 10.1002/hed.26347. Epub 2020 Jul 4.

Abstract

Respiratory particle generation and dispersal during nasoendoscopy and swab testing is studied with high-speed video and laser light illumination. Video analysis reveals droplet formation in three manoeuvres during nasoendoscopy - sneezing, vocalization, and nasal decongestion spray. A capillary bridge of mucus can be seen when a nasoendoscope exits wet nares. No droplet formation is seen during oral and nasopharyngeal swab testing. We outline the following recommendations: pull the face mask down partially and keep the mouth covered, only allowing nasal access during nasoendoscopy; avoid nasal sprays if possible; if nasal sprays are used, procedurists should be in full personal protective equipment prior to using the spray; withdrawal of swabs and scopes should be performed in a slow and controlled fashion to reduce potential dispersion of droplets when the capillary bridge of mucus breaks up.

Keywords: COVID-19; aerosol; precautions; prevention; transmission.

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Intranasal
  • COVID-19 Testing*
  • Endoscopy*
  • Humans
  • Infection Control
  • Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional
  • Mucus*
  • Nasal Cavity*
  • Nasal Sprays
  • Personal Protective Equipment
  • Phonation / physiology*
  • Sneezing / physiology*

Substances

  • Nasal Sprays