Novel Interface Designs for Patient Monitoring Applications in Critical Care Medicine: Human Factors Review

Evismar Andrade; Leo Quinlan; Richard Harte; Dara Byrne; Enda Fallon; Martina Kelly; Siobhan Casey; Frank Kirrane; Paul O'Connor; Denis O'Hora; Michael Scully; John Laffey; Patrick Pladys; Alain Beuchée; Gearóid ÓLaighin

doi:10.2196/15052

Novel Interface Designs for Patient Monitoring Applications in Critical Care Medicine: Human Factors Review

JMIR Hum Factors. 2020 Jul 3;7(3):e15052. doi: 10.2196/15052.

Authors

Evismar Andrade^{1

2}, Leo Quinlan^{2

3}, Richard Harte^{1

2}, Dara Byrne^{4

5}, Enda Fallon⁶, Martina Kelly⁶, Siobhan Casey⁷, Frank Kirrane⁸, Paul O'Connor^{4

5}, Denis O'Hora⁹, Michael Scully^{10

11}, John Laffey^{10

11}, Patrick Pladys^{12

13}, Alain Beuchée^{12

13}, Gearóid ÓLaighin^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Electrical & Electronic Engineering, School of Engineering, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland.
² Human Movement Laboratory, CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland.
³ Physiology, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland.
⁴ General Practice, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland.
⁵ Irish Centre for Applied Patient Safety and Simulation, University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland.
⁶ Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland.
⁷ Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland.
⁸ University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland.
⁹ School of Psychology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland.
¹⁰ Anaesthesia, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland.
¹¹ Department of Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland.
¹² Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes (CHU Rennes), Rennes, France.
¹³ Faculté de Médicine de l'Université de Rennes, Rennes, France.

PMID: 32618574
PMCID: PMC7367533
DOI: 10.2196/15052

Abstract

Background: The patient monitor (PM) is one of the most commonly used medical devices in hospitals worldwide. PMs are used to monitor patients' vital signs in a wide variety of patient care settings, especially in critical care settings, such as intensive care units. An interesting observation is that the design of PMs has not significantly changed over the past 2 decades, with the layout and structure of PMs more or less unchanged, with incremental changes in design being made rather than transformational changes. Thus, we believe it well-timed to review the design of novel PM interfaces, with particular reference to usability and human factors.

Objective: This paper aims to review innovations in PM design proposed by researchers and explore how clinicians responded to these design changes.

Methods: A literature search of relevant databases, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, identified 16 related studies. A detailed description of the interface design and an analysis of each novel PM were carried out, including a detailed analysis of the structure of the different user interfaces, to inform future PM design. The test methodologies used to evaluate the different designs are also presented.

Results: Most of the studies included in this review identified some level of improvement in the clinician's performance when using a novel display in comparison with the traditional PM. For instance, from the 16 reviewed studies, 12 studies identified an improvement in the detection and response times, and 10 studies identified an improvement in the accuracy or treatment efficiency. This indicates that novel displays have the potential to improve the clinical performance of nurses and doctors. However, the outcomes of some of these studies are weakened because of methodological deficiencies. These deficiencies are discussed in detail in this study.

Conclusions: More careful study design is warranted to investigate the user experience and usability of future novel PMs for real time vital sign monitoring, to establish whether or not they could be used successfully in critical care. A series of recommendations on how future novel PM designs and evaluations can be enhanced are provided.

Keywords: accuracy; anesthesiology; critical care; ecological display; graphical display; interface design; performance; response time; satisfaction; situation awareness; usability.

©Evismar Andrade, Leo Quinlan, Richard Harte, Dara Byrne, Enda Fallon, Martina Kelly, Siobhan Casey, Frank Kirrane, Paul O'Connor, Denis O'Hora, Michael Scully, John Laffey, Patrick Pladys, Alain Beuchée, Gearóid ÓLaighin. Originally published in JMIR Human Factors (http://humanfactors.jmir.org), 03.07.2020.

Publication types

Review