Is cognitive training an effective tool for improving cognitive function and real-life behaviour in healthy children and adolescents? A systematic review

Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2020 Sep:116:268-282. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.06.019. Epub 2020 Jun 18.

Abstract

Computerised cognitive training (CCT) has been applied to improve cognitive function in pathological conditions and in healthy populations. Studies suggest that CCT produces near-transfer effects to cognitive functions, with less evidence for far-transfer. Newer applications of CTT in adults seem to produce certain far-transfer effects by influencing eating behaviour and weight loss. However, this is more unexplored in children and adolescents. We conducted a systematic review of 16 studies with randomised controlled design to assess the impact of CCT on cognitive functioning and real-life outcomes, including eating behaviour, in children and adolescents with typical development (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019123889). Results show near-transfer effects to working memory, with inconsistent results regarding far-transfer effects to other cognitive functions and real-life measures. Long-term effects show the same trend. Far-transfer effects occurred after cue-related inhibitory control and attentional training, although effects seem not to last. CCT may be a potential weight-loss treatment option but more research is needed to determine the specific characteristics to enhance treatment outcomes.

Keywords: Childhood; Cognitive training; Executive functions; Systematic review; Weight status.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Child
  • Cognition Disorders*
  • Cognition*
  • Humans
  • Memory, Short-Term
  • Treatment Outcome