The basin region of nine highland lakes plays an important role in the economic development of Yunnan Province, in which, the basin region of the five lakes (Dianchi, Fuxianhu, Xingyunhu, Qiluhu and Yangzonghai Lake, hereinafter was called Five-lake Basin) locating in the central region of Yunnan Province is the most active economic and social development area of industry, agriculture and tourism, closely related to the eco-environmental quality of the whole basin. In this study, the eco-environmental quality of the Five-lake Basin from 1988 to 2018 was monitored and evaluated based on remote sensing ecological index (RSEI). The results showed that although the eco-environmental quality in this area had a trend of turning better from 1988 to 2018, with the mean value of RSEI increasing from 0.368 to 0.481, whereas the overall eco-environmental quality of the basin was poor. The area with improved eco-environmental quality accounted for 57.6%, which was mainly distributed in the mountains between lakes, while the declining area was mainly the flat area around the lake. The eco-environmental quality of Dianchi Lake, Fuxianhu Lake, and Yangzonghai Lake was improved during the study period, but the eco-environmental quality of Qiluhu Lake and Xingyunhu Lake deteriorated obviously in the last 10 years. The change of eco-environmental quality in each lake was consistent with the change of water quality. In the future, the improvement of eco-environmental quality needs more social attention and government investment.
九大高原湖泊流域在云南省经济发展中占有举足轻重的地位,其中,滇中五大湖泊流域(滇池、抚仙湖、星云湖、杞麓湖、阳宗海,下文称五湖流域)是云南工农业、旅游业等经济和社会发展最活跃的地区,与流域生态环境质量密切相关。本研究基于遥感生态指数(RSEI)对滇中五湖流域1988—2018年的生态环境质量进行监测和评价。结果表明: 尽管1988—2018年间研究区生态环境质量呈转好趋势,RSEI平均值由0.368增加到0.481,但流域整体生态环境质量欠佳;生态环境质量提高的面积占比57.6%,主要分布在湖泊之间的山地,下降区域主要为湖周的平地区;研究期间,滇池、抚仙湖、阳宗海的生态环境质量持续变好,但近10年,杞麓湖和星云湖的生态环境质量明显变差,各湖泊生态环境质量变化与湖泊水质变化存在一致性。未来生态环境质量的改善还需更多的社会关注和政府投入。.
Keywords: central region of Yunnan Province; eco-environmental quality; ecological evaluation; ecological monitoring; lake basin.