CRISPR Mediated Biosensing Toward Understanding Cellular Biology and Point-of-Care Diagnosis

Yifan Dai; Yanfang Wu; Guozhen Liu; J Justin Gooding

doi:10.1002/anie.202005398

CRISPR Mediated Biosensing Toward Understanding Cellular Biology and Point-of-Care Diagnosis

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2020 Nov 16;59(47):20754-20766. doi: 10.1002/anie.202005398. Epub 2020 Aug 25.

Authors

Yifan Dai^{1

2}, Yanfang Wu³, Guozhen Liu⁴, J Justin Gooding³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, USA.
² Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA.
³ School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
⁴ Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.

PMID: 32521081
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005398

Abstract

Recent advances in CRISPR based biotechnologies have greatly expanded our capabilities to repurpose CRISPR for the development of biomolecular sensors for diagnosing diseases and understanding cellular pathways. The key attribute that allows CRISPR to be widely utilized is the programmable and highly selective mechanism. In this Minireview, we first illustrate the molecular principle of CRISPR functioning process from sensing to actuating. Next, the CRISPR based biosensing strategies for nucleic acids, proteins and small molecules are summarized. We highlight some of recent advances in applications for in vitro detection of biomolecules and in vivo imaging of cellular networks. Finally, the challenges with, and exciting prospects of, CRISPR based biosensing developments are discussed.

Keywords: CRISPR; analytical biochemistry; biosensors; in vitro diagnostics; in vivo biosensing.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Biosensing Techniques*
Cell Biology*
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats / genetics*
Humans
Point-of-Care Systems*