Liquid-Metal-Templated Synthesis of 2D Graphitic Materials at Room Temperature

Mohannad Mayyas; Hongzhe Li; Priyank Kumar; Mohammad B Ghasemian; Jiong Yang; Yifang Wang; Douglas J Lawes; Jialuo Han; Maricruz G Saborio; Jianbo Tang; Rouhollah Jalili; Sun Hwa Lee; Won Kyung Seong; Salvy P Russo; Dorna Esrafilzadeh; Torben Daeneke; Richard B Kaner; Rodney S Ruoff; Kourosh Kalantar-Zadeh

doi:10.1002/adma.202001997

Liquid-Metal-Templated Synthesis of 2D Graphitic Materials at Room Temperature

Adv Mater. 2020 Jul;32(29):e2001997. doi: 10.1002/adma.202001997. Epub 2020 Jun 8.

Authors

Mohannad Mayyas¹, Hongzhe Li¹, Priyank Kumar¹, Mohammad B Ghasemian¹, Jiong Yang¹, Yifang Wang¹, Douglas J Lawes², Jialuo Han¹, Maricruz G Saborio¹, Jianbo Tang¹, Rouhollah Jalili¹, Sun Hwa Lee³, Won Kyung Seong³, Salvy P Russo⁴, Dorna Esrafilzadeh⁵, Torben Daeneke⁶, Richard B Kaner^{7

8}, Rodney S Ruoff^{3

9

10

11}, Kourosh Kalantar-Zadeh¹

Affiliations

¹ School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, 2052, Australia.
² Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, 2052, Australia.
³ Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
⁴ School of Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT), Melbourne, 3001, Australia.
⁵ Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, 2031, Australia.
⁶ School of Engineering, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT), Melbourne, 3001, Australia.
⁷ Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
⁸ Department of Materials Science and Engineering and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA.
⁹ Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
¹⁰ School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
¹¹ School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.

PMID: 32510699
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001997

Abstract

Room-temperature synthesis of 2D graphitic materials (2D-GMs) remains an elusive aim, especially with electrochemical means. Here, it is shown that liquid metals render this possible as they offer catalytic activity and an ultrasmooth templating interface that promotes Frank-van der Merwe regime growth, while allowing facile exfoliation due to the absence of interfacial forces as a nonpolar liquid. The 2D-GMs are formed at low onset potential and can be in situ doped depending on the choice of organic precursors and the electrochemical set-up. The materials are tuned to exhibit porous or pinhole-free morphologies and are engineered for their degree of oxidation and number of layers. The proposed liquid-metal-based room-temperature electrochemical route can be expanded to many other 2D materials.

Keywords: 2D materials; carbon templating; electrocatalysis; liquid metals; liquid-liquid interfaces.

Abstract

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